Disputasi

Disputasi antara sarjana-sarjana Yahudi dan sarjana-sarjana Kristen (1483).

Disputasi (bahasa Latin: disputatio) adalah metode debat resmi dalam sistem pendidikan filsafat skolastika pada Abad Pertengahan. Disputasi diselenggarakan untuk mengungkap dan menetapkan kebenaran di bidang teologi maupun ilmu pengetahuan. Tertib acara disputasi bersifat tetap, yakni argumen harus berlandaskan sumber-sumber tertulis yang andal, dan para peserta debat wajib memahami secara utuh setiap argumen yang dilontarkan lawan debatnya.

Disputasi Akbar Agung

Akbar Agung, Kaisar Mughal Muslim ketiga di India (1542–1605), bersikap intoleran terhadap agama Hindu maupun agama-agama lain pada awal masa pemerintahannya, tetapi kemudian hari berubah sikap dan menoleransi agama-agama non-Islam dengan melonggarkan beberapa ketentuan hukum syariah.[1][2][3] Akbar Agung memprakarsai serangkaian debat agama, yang menjadi gelanggang perbantahan seputar soal-soal agama antara ulama Muslim dan para sarjana Hindu, Jaina, Mazdayasna, maupun sarjana-sarjana Yesuit Portugis.

Disputasi di dalam karya fiksi

Lihat pula

Bacaan tambahan

  • David Berger, The Jewish-Christian Debate in the High Middle Ages (Philadelphia: Jewish Publication Society, 1979)
  • Jeremy Cohen, The Friars and the Jews (Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1982).
  • Robert Chazan, Daggers of Faith: Thirteenth Century Christian Missionizing and the Jewish Response (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1989).
  • Martin A. Cohen, "Reflections on the Text and Context of the Disputation of Barcelona," Hebrew Union College Annual 35 (1964): pp. 157–92.
  • Georgiana Donavin, Carol Poster, and Richard Utz, eds. Medieval Forms of Argument: Disputation and Debate (Evanston, IL: Northwestern University Press, 2002.)
  • Daniel J. Lasker, Jewish Philosophical Polemic against Christianity in the Middle Ages (New York: Ktav, 1977).
  • Hyam Maccoby, ed. and trans., Judaism on Trial: Jewish-Christian Disputations in the Middle Ages (East Brunswick, N.J.: Associated University Presses, 1982)
  • Oliver S. Rankin, ed., Jewish Religious Polemic (Edinburgh: University Press, 1956)
  • Frank E. Talmage, ed., Disputation and Dialogue: Readings in the Jewish-Christian Encounter (New York: Ktav, 1975)

Referensi

  1. ^ Habib 1997, hlm. 84
  2. ^ Subrahmanyam, Sanjay (2005). Mughals and Franks. Oxford University Press. hlm. 55. ISBN 978-0-19-566866-7.
  3. ^ Habib 1997, hlm. 85

Pranala luar

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