Lutheran Lama

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Lutheran Lama adalah Lutheran Jerman di Prusia dan Silesia yang menolak bergabung dengan Persatuan Gereja-gereja Prusia pada 1830-an dan 1840-an. Raja Prusia Frederick William III memutuskan untuk menyatukan gereja-gereja Protestan, untuk menghomogenisasikan liturgi, organisasi dan bahkan arsitektur mereka. Dalam serangkaian proklamasi sepanjang beberapa tahun, Persatuan Gereja-gereja Prusia dibentuk, mengirim sekelompok besar Lutheran, minoritas Reformed. Dampak utamanya adalah pemerintah Prusia memiliki kontrol penuh atas urusan gereja, dengan raja diakui sebagai uskup utama.[1][2]

Upaya penindasan Lutheran Lama berujung pada beberapa emigrasi ke Australia, Kanada, dan Amerika Serikat, menghasilkan pembentukan denominasi-denominasi Lutheran signifikan di negara-negara tersebut.

Warisan Lutheran Lama juga ada dalam bentuk Gereja Lutheran Injili Independen di Jerman modern.

Referensi

  1. ^ Christopher Clark, Iron Kingdom: Of the rise and downfall of Prussia, 1600-1947 (2006) pp 412-19
  2. ^ Christopher Clark, "Confessional policy and the limits of state action: Frederick William III and the Prussian Church Union 1817–40." Historical Journal 39.04 (1996) pp: 985-1004. in JSTOR

Bacaan tambahan

  • Clark, Christopher. "Confessional policy and the limits of state action: Frederick William III and the Prussian Church Union 1817–40." Historical Journal 39.04 (1996) pp: 985-1004. in JSTOR
  • Gerber, David A. "The pathos of exile: Old Lutheran refugees in the United States and South Australia." Comparative Studies in Society and History 26.03 (1984) pp: 498-522. [www.jstor.org/stable/178553 in JSTOR]
  • Iwan, William, Because of their beliefs: emigration from Prussia to Australia [Uniform title: Um des Glaubens willen nach Australien (Engl.), 1931], David Schubert (trl. and ed.), Highgate, South Australia: H. Schubert, 1995. ISBN 0-646-25324-7.
  • Smith, Clifford Neal. Nineteenth-century Emigration of" Old Lutherans" from Eastern Germany (mainly Pomerania and Lower Silesia) to Australia, Canada, and the United States (Genealogical Publishing Company, 2009)
  • Van Abbe, Derek. "The Germans in South Australia." Australian Quarterly (1956): 69-79. in JSTOR

Pranala luar

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