Nisbah jantina
Nisbah jantina atau nisbah jenis kelamin adalah perbandingan jantan dengan betina pada suatu populasi. Seperti yang dijelaskan oleh Asas Fisher, karena alasan evolusioner, umumnya angka perbandingan nisbah ini adalah 1:1 yang bereproduksi secara seksual.[1][2] Namun, banyak spesies menyimpang dari angka perbandingan yang seimbang ini, baik secara berkala maupun permanen. Kasus dari hal tersebut dapat ditemukan pada spesies-spesies partenogenik dan androgenetik,[3] organisme-organisme yang kawin secara berkala seperti kutu daun, beberapa tawon eusosial, lebah, semut dan rayap.[4]
Referensi
- ^ Fisher RA (1930). The Genetical Theory of Natural Selection. Oxford: Clarendon Press. hlm. 141–143 – via Internet Archive.
- ^ Hamilton WD (April 1967). "Extraordinary sex ratios. A sex-ratio theory for sex linkage and inbreeding has new implications in cytogenetics and entomology". Science. 156 (3774): 477–488. Bibcode:1967Sci...156..477H. doi:10.1126/science.156.3774.477. JSTOR 1721222. PMID 6021675.
- ^ Schwander, Tanja; Oldroyd, Benjamin P (28 Sep 2008). "Androgenesis: where males hijack eggs to clone themselves". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 371 (1706). doi:10.1098/rstb.2015.0534. PMC 5031619. PMID 27619698.
- ^ Kobayashi K, Hasegawa E, Yamamoto Y, Kawatsu K, Vargo EL, Yoshimura J, Matsuura K (2013). "Sex ratio biases in termites provide evidence for kin selection". Nature Communications. 4: 2048. Bibcode:2013NatCo...4.2048K. doi:10.1038/ncomms3048. hdl:2123/11211. PMID 23807025.
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