Tiberius Julius Alexander
Tiberius Julius Alexander | |
|---|---|
| Prokurator Yudea | |
| Masa jabatan 46 Masehi – 48 Masehi | |
| Gubernur Mesir Romawi | |
| Masa jabatan 66 Masehi – 69 Masehi | |
| Karier militer | |
| Pihak | Kekaisaran Romawi |
| Masa dinas | sebelum 46 – 70 |
| Pangkat | Prefek praetorian |
| Pertempuran/perang | Perang Romawi–Parthia 58–63 Pertempuran Delta Alexandria (c. 68) Pengepungan Yerusalem (70 M) |
Tiberius Julius Alexander (hidup pada abad ke-1) adalah seorang gubernur dan panglima di Kekaisaran Romawi. Lahir dalam keluarga Yahudi Mesir dari Aleksandria namun meninggalkan agama Yahudi, ia diangkat menjadi prokurator Yudea ke-2 (c. 46 – 48) di bawah kekuasaan Claudius. Kala menjadi Prefek Mesir (66–69), ia mengerahkan legiun-legiunnya melawan Yahudi Aleksandria dalam tanggapan brutal terhadap kekerasan etnik, dan menjadi tokoh penting dalam kebangkitan kekuasaan Kaisar Vespasian. Pada 70, ia ikut serta dalam Pengepungan Yerusalem sebagai komando kedua Titus.[1] Ia menjadi Yahudi paling berkuasa pada masanya, dan dianggap sebagai salah satu Yahudi paling berpengaruh dalam sejarah militer.[2]
Catatan
- ^ E. G. Turner (1954). "Tiberivs Ivlivs Alexander". Journal of Roman Studies. 44. Society for the Promotion of Roman Studies: 54–64. doi:10.2307/297556. JSTOR 297556. S2CID 163878706. Emil Schürer (1973). The History of the Jewish People in the Age of Jesus Christ: Volume I. revised and edited by Géza Vermes, Fergus Millar and Matthew Black (Edisi revised English). Edinburgh: T&T Clark. hlm. 456–458. ISBN 0-567-02242-0.
- ^ Kesalahan pengutipan: Tanda
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Referensi
Kuno
Modern
- Braund, David C. (1985). Augustus to Nero: A Sourcebook on Roman History: 31 BC–AD 68. Totowa, New Jersey: Barnes and Noble. hlm. no. 600. ISBN 0-389-20536-2.
- Griffin, Miriam T. (1987) [1984]. Nero: The End of a Dynasty (Edisi pbk.). London: B. T. Batsford. hlm. 213. ISBN 0-7134-4465-7.
- Levick, Barbara (1999). Vespasian. London: Routledge. hlm. 54. ISBN 0-415-16618-7.
- Modrzejewski, Joseph Mélèze (1995). The Jews of Egypt: From Rameses II to Emperor Hadrian. translated by Robert Cornman. Philadelphia: Jewish Publication Society. hlm. 185–190. ISBN 0-8276-0522-6.
- Schürer, Emil (1973). The History of the Jewish People in the Age of Jesus Christ: Volume I. revised and edited by Géza Vermes, Fergus Millar and Matthew Black (Edisi revised English). Edinburgh: T&T Clark. hlm. 456–458. ISBN 0-567-02242-0.
- Scott, Kenneth (1934). "The Role of Basilides in the Events of A.D. 69". Journal of Roman Studies. 24. Society for the Promotion of Roman Studies: 138–140. doi:10.2307/297052. JSTOR 297052. S2CID 162440786.
- Sullivan, Philip B. (November 1953). "A Note on the Flavian Accession". Classical Journal. 49 (2): 67–70.
- Turner, E. G. (1954). "Tiberivs Ivlivs Alexander". Journal of Roman Studies. 44. Society for the Promotion of Roman Studies: 54–64. doi:10.2307/297556. JSTOR 297556. S2CID 163878706.
Bacaan tambahan
- Burr, Viktor (1955). Tiberius Iulius Alexander (dalam bahasa Jerman). Bonn: R. Habelt.
- Chalon, Gérard (1964). L'Édit de Tiberius Julius Alexander: Étude Historique et Exégétique (dalam bahasa Prancis). Olten: Urs Graf-Verlag.
- Evans, Katherine G. (November 1995). "Alexander the Alabarch: Roman and Jew". Summary presented to the Philo of Alexandria Seminar of the November 1995 annual meeting of Society of Biblical Literature. Diakses tanggal 2007-01-18. (On the father of Tiberius Julius Alexander.)
- Kraft, Robert A. (1991). "Tiberius Julius Alexander and the Crisis in Alexandria according to Josephus". Dalam Ed. Harold W. Attridge; et al. (ed.). Of Scribes and Scrolls: Studies on the Hebrew Bible, Intertestamental Judaism, and Christian Origins. New York: University Press of America. hlm. 175–184. ISBN 0-8191-7902-7. Diakses tanggal 2007-01-19.[pranala nonaktif permanen]
- Krauss, Samuel (1901–1906). "Alexander, Tiberius Julius". Dalam Isidore Singer; et al. (ed.). Jewish Encyclopedia. New York: Funk & Wagnalls. hlm. 357–358. Diakses tanggal 2007-01-18.
- Lendering, Jona. "Tiberius Julius Alexander Junior". Livius. Diarsipkan dari asli tanggal 2014-10-28. Diakses tanggal 2007-01-18.
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