John Threlkeld

John Threlkeld
John Threlkeld
	Portrait of Threlkeld, ca. 1795
Mayor of Georgetown
	In office; January 7, 1793 – January 6, 1794
Preceded by	Uriah Forrest
Succeeded by	Pedro Casenave
Personal details
Born	1757; British America
Died	1830 (aged 73); Washington, D.C., U.S.
Resting place	Presbyterian Burying Ground
Spouse	Elizabeth Ridgely
Children	2

John Threlkeld (1757 – 1830) was an American politician, farmer, and landowner who served as an alderman and mayor of Georgetown and a member of the Maryland House of Delegates.^[1]

Early life and family

John Threlkeld was born in 1757, the son of Henry Threlkeld and Mary Brown Hopkins, and the grandson of Dr. Gustavus Brown, a lifelong friend of George Washington, physician, and founder of the hospital of the Continental Army.^[2] Threlkeld was the great-nephew of Thomas Stone, a signatory of the Declaration of Independence.^[1]

Threlkeld was raised in a household of "culture and refinement" and was described as a scholar of Latin, geography, and topography.^[3]

As a young adult, Threlkeld was one of the active members of a committee of correspondence during the American Revolutionary War.^[4] Threlkeld married Elizabeth Ridgely in 1787 and had two daughters, Mary and Jane.^[5]

Career

Landowner and farmer

Threlkeld was a prominent landowner and farmer in Virginia and Maryland. He owned considerable land holdings and was an early adopter of the rental property business.^[3] By the mid-1780s, he owned land along the Potomac River and in much of the area of what is now known as Glover Park and Wesley Heights, which was used for pastures and orchards. Threlkeld and his father's consolidated land holdings in excess of 1,000 acres were referred to as "Alliance."^[6]

Threlkeld raised Merino sheep and English cattle on the land and grew apples, mulberry, and peach apricots. In 1797, George Washington purchased English cattle and a bull from Threlkeld.^[7]^[8]^[9] Threlkeld was associated with another U.S. president, Thomas Jefferson,^[10] and exchanged cuttings of fruit trees and other plant specimens with him during his presidency.^[11]^[12] Jefferson received mulberry and peach apricot cuttings from Threlkeld in 1809.^[13] Jefferson considered Threlkeld a close friend and they frequently corresponded for several years.^[14]

In 1809, Threlkeld was one of the founders of the Columbian Agricultural Society for the Promotion of Rural and Domestic Economy.^[4]

Threlkeld used slave labor and owned at least fifty enslaved persons during his adult life, the vast majority of whom had been inherited from his grandfather. Threlkeld is recorded as having freed a small amount of his enslaved workers through manumission.^[3]

Public service

Threlkeld was heavily involved in political affairs in Georgetown. When Georgetown was incorporated in 1789, he served as one of its first aldermen.^[15] In the same year, Threlkeld sold a portion of his land to Bishop John Carroll in 1789 which became Georgetown College.^[16]^[17]

He was elected Mayor of Georgetown in 1793, serving one term.^[11] During the same period, Threlkeld represented Montgomery County in the Maryland House of Delegates (1792 and 1793 sessions).^[13]^[18]

After serving as mayor, Threlkeld was a member of the Levy Court, which governed the areas of the District of Columbia outside of Georgetown and Washington proper, known at the time as Washington County, D.C.^[19] On March 2, 1801, two days before his last day in office, outgoing President John Adams nominated Threlkeld as a justice of the peace for Washington County, but the nomination sent to the United States Senate expired after Adams' presidency ended.^[20] In 1807, Threlkeld received a recess appointment from President Jefferson as a Justice of the Peace for Washington County.^[21] In the same year, Threlkeld wrote to President Jefferson promoting the appointment of his friend William D. Beall for an appointment to the Marshals Office for the District of Columbia.^[22]

Other activities

In 1802, the Washington Jockey Club sought a new site for the track that lay the rear of what is now the site of Decatur House at H Street and Jackson Place, crossing Seventeenth Street and Pennsylvania Avenue to Twentieth Street-today the Eisenhower Executive Office Building.^[23] Threlkeld, along with John Tayloe III, John Peter Van Ness, Charles Carnan Ridgely, Dr. William Thornton, G. W. P. Custis, and George Calvert of Riversdale, initiated moving the contests to Meridian Hill, south of Columbia Road between Fourteenth and Sixteenth Streets, and conducted the races at the Holmstead Farm's one-mile oval track.^[24]

For several years, Threlkeld was a director of the Bank of Columbia.^[4] The 1826 closure of the bank led to a "calamitous" period of severe financial and personal hardship for Threlkeld and his family. After the closure of the bank, Threlkeld was forced to auction hundreds of acres of property and land holdings to satisfy his debts.^[25] He also sold his remaining twenty-five enslaved workers during this period. During the same year, Threlkeld's wife and daughter both died. His daughter was only sixteen years of age.^[26]

Death

Threlkeld died in 1830 at the age of 73 and is buried at Presbyterian Burying Ground.^[27]^[28]

Legacy

Threlkeld's son-in-law John Cox served as mayor of Georgetown from 1823 to 1845.^[5] His grandson was Major Richard Smith Cox, a Confederate paymaster on the staff of General George Washington Custis Lee.^[29]

The property owned and developed by Threlkeld encompassed what now includes Georgetown University, Washington International School, Foxhall Village, and Burleith.^[4]^[30]

The "Threlkeld School" was a Georgetown-area public school constructed in 1868 that was named after Threlkeld.^[31]

References

^ ^a ^b Benedetto, Robert (2003). Historical dictionary of Washington, D.C. Jane Donovan, Kathleen Du Vall. Lanham, Md.: Scarecrow Press. ISBN 0-8108-4094-4. OCLC 49583180.
^ Jean Butenhoff Lee (1994). The Price of Nationhood: The American Revolution in Charles County. W. W. Norton & Company. p. 4. ISBN 0-393-03658-8. Archived from the original on 2014-06-30.
^ ^a ^b ^c Georgetown Architecture-Northwest; Northwest Washington: District of Columbia. US Commission of Fine Arts. 1970. pp. 17–20.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d "Origins of Burleith | Glover Park History". gloverparkhistory.com. Retrieved 2022-12-21.
^ ^a ^b "History". Burleith Citizens Association. Retrieved 2022-12-21.
^ Schipper, Ross; Starlin, Dwane (2017-03-06). Burleith. Arcadia Publishing. ISBN 978-1-4396-5972-4.
^ George Washington to Thomas Peter, 14 June 1797: The Papers of George Washington, Retirement Series, vol. 1, 4 March 1797 – 30 December 1797, ed. W. W. Abbot. Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1998, p. 186
^ “From George Washington to Thomas Peter, 14 June 1797,” Founders Online, National Archives, https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Washington/06-01-02-0152 . [Original source: The Papers of George Washington, Retirement Series, vol. 1, 4 March 1797 – 30 December 1797, ed. W. W. Abbot. Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1998, p. 186.]
^ “From George Washington to John Eager Howard, 30 April 1797,” Founders Online, National Archives, https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Washington/06-01-02-0097 . [Original source: The Papers of George Washington, Retirement Series, vol. 1, 4 March 1797 – 30 December 1797, ed. W. W. Abbot. Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1998, p. 129.]
^ "Founders Online: To Thomas Jefferson from John Threlkeld, 23 November 1807". founders.archives.gov. Retrieved 2022-12-21.
^ ^a ^b "Founders Online: Thomas Jefferson to John Threlkeld, 8 March 1809". founders.archives.gov. Retrieved 2022-12-21.
^ Jefferson, Thomas (2018-06-05). The Papers of Thomas Jefferson, Retirement Series, Volume 1: 4 March 1809 to 15 November 1809. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-691-18459-3.
^ ^a ^b “Thomas Jefferson to John Threlkeld, 8 March 1809,” Founders Online, National Archives, https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Jefferson/03-01-02-0024 . [Original source: The Papers of Thomas Jefferson, Retirement Series, vol. 1, 4 March 1809 to 15 November 1809, ed. J. Jefferson Looney. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2004, p. 40.]
^ “Thomas Jefferson to John Threlkeld, 17 March 1811,” Founders Online, National Archives, https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Jefferson/03-03-02-0349 . [Original source: The Papers of Thomas Jefferson, Retirement Series, vol. 3, 12 August 1810 to 17 June 1811, ed. J. Jefferson Looney. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2006, pp. 458–459.]
^ Records of the Columbia Historical Society, Washington, D.C. The Society. 1922.
^ Easby-Smith, James Stanislaus (1907). Georgetown University in the District of Columbia, 1789-1907: Its Founders, Benefactors, Officers, Instructors and Alumni. Lewis Publishing Company. p. 28.
^ Tindall, William (1908). Origin and Government of the District of Columbia. U.S. Government Printing Office.
^ "Founders Online: To George Washington from David Stuart, 10 December 1792". founders.archives.gov. Retrieved 2022-12-21.
^ "Letters from John Threlkeld, of Georgetown, D.C., to E.I. du Pont (File 134), 1810-1812 | Hagley Museum and Library Archives". findingaids.hagley.org. Retrieved 2022-12-21.
^ "Founders Online: From John Adams to United States Senate, 2 March 1801". founders.archives.gov. Retrieved 2022-12-21.
^ "Founders Online: From Thomas Jefferson to United States Senate, 9 November 1807". founders.archives.gov. Retrieved 2022-12-21.
^ "Founders Online: To Thomas Jefferson from Charles Worthington, 19 November 1807". founders.archives.gov. Retrieved 2022-12-21.
^ Green, Constance McLaughlin (2013). Washington: A History of the Capital, 1800-1950. Princeton University Press. p. 45. ISBN 9781400847693. Retrieved September 18, 2017.
^ Lewis, Tom (2015). Washington: A History of Our National City. Basic Books. p. 105. ISBN 9780465061587. Retrieved September 18, 2017.
^ "Copy of deed from John Threlkeld to Francis Neale, 1895 | Georgetown University Archival Resources". findingaids.library.georgetown.edu. Retrieved 2022-12-21.
^ Washington, City and Capital, 1937, p.745-6
^ Proctor, John Clagett (February 8, 1942). "Mount Hope Lives Again". The Sunday Star. p. 29.
^ National Intelligencer, 9 September 1830.
^ Kaufmann, Patricia (2015). "The Confederate Paymaster's Property Becomes the National Colored Home" (PDF). Confederate Postal History. Retrieved 2022-12-21.
^ "History of Georgetown Visitation - Georgetown Visitation Preparatory School". www.visi.org. Retrieved 2022-12-21.
^ "Threlkeld Public School., 1956 | Georgetown University Archival Resources". findingaids.library.georgetown.edu. Retrieved 2022-12-21.

[:0-1] Benedetto, Robert (2003). Historical dictionary of Washington, D.C. Jane Donovan, Kathleen Du Vall. Lanham, Md.: Scarecrow Press. ISBN 0-8108-4094-4. OCLC 49583180.

[2] Jean Butenhoff Lee (1994). The Price of Nationhood: The American Revolution in Charles County. W. W. Norton & Company. p. 4. ISBN 0-393-03658-8. Archived from the original on 2014-06-30.

[:1-3] Georgetown Architecture-Northwest; Northwest Washington: District of Columbia. US Commission of Fine Arts. 1970. pp. 17–20.

[:2-4] "Origins of Burleith | Glover Park History". gloverparkhistory.com. Retrieved 2022-12-21.

[:3-5] "History". Burleith Citizens Association. Retrieved 2022-12-21.

[6] Schipper, Ross; Starlin, Dwane (2017-03-06). Burleith. Arcadia Publishing. ISBN 978-1-4396-5972-4.

[7] George Washington to Thomas Peter, 14 June 1797: The Papers of George Washington, Retirement Series, vol. 1, 4 March 1797 – 30 December 1797, ed. W. W. Abbot. Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1998, p. 186

[8] “From George Washington to Thomas Peter, 14 June 1797,” Founders Online, National Archives, https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Washington/06-01-02-0152 . [Original source: The Papers of George Washington, Retirement Series, vol. 1, 4 March 1797 – 30 December 1797, ed. W. W. Abbot. Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1998, p. 186.]

[9] “From George Washington to John Eager Howard, 30 April 1797,” Founders Online, National Archives, https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Washington/06-01-02-0097 . [Original source: The Papers of George Washington, Retirement Series, vol. 1, 4 March 1797 – 30 December 1797, ed. W. W. Abbot. Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1998, p. 129.]

[10] "Founders Online: To Thomas Jefferson from John Threlkeld, 23 November 1807". founders.archives.gov. Retrieved 2022-12-21.

[:4-11] "Founders Online: Thomas Jefferson to John Threlkeld, 8 March 1809". founders.archives.gov. Retrieved 2022-12-21.

[12] Jefferson, Thomas (2018-06-05). The Papers of Thomas Jefferson, Retirement Series, Volume 1: 4 March 1809 to 15 November 1809. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-691-18459-3.

[:5-13] “Thomas Jefferson to John Threlkeld, 8 March 1809,” Founders Online, National Archives, https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Jefferson/03-01-02-0024 . [Original source: The Papers of Thomas Jefferson, Retirement Series, vol. 1, 4 March 1809 to 15 November 1809, ed. J. Jefferson Looney. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2004, p. 40.]

[14] “Thomas Jefferson to John Threlkeld, 17 March 1811,” Founders Online, National Archives, https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Jefferson/03-03-02-0349 . [Original source: The Papers of Thomas Jefferson, Retirement Series, vol. 3, 12 August 1810 to 17 June 1811, ed. J. Jefferson Looney. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2006, pp. 458–459.]

[15] Records of the Columbia Historical Society, Washington, D.C. The Society. 1922.

[16] Easby-Smith, James Stanislaus (1907). Georgetown University in the District of Columbia, 1789-1907: Its Founders, Benefactors, Officers, Instructors and Alumni. Lewis Publishing Company. p. 28.

[17] Tindall, William (1908). Origin and Government of the District of Columbia. U.S. Government Printing Office.

[18] "Founders Online: To George Washington from David Stuart, 10 December 1792". founders.archives.gov. Retrieved 2022-12-21.

[19] "Letters from John Threlkeld, of Georgetown, D.C., to E.I. du Pont (File 134), 1810-1812 | Hagley Museum and Library Archives". findingaids.hagley.org. Retrieved 2022-12-21.

[20] "Founders Online: From John Adams to United States Senate, 2 March 1801". founders.archives.gov. Retrieved 2022-12-21.

[21] "Founders Online: From Thomas Jefferson to United States Senate, 9 November 1807". founders.archives.gov. Retrieved 2022-12-21.

[22] "Founders Online: To Thomas Jefferson from Charles Worthington, 19 November 1807". founders.archives.gov. Retrieved 2022-12-21.

[Green2013-23] Green, Constance McLaughlin (2013). Washington: A History of the Capital, 1800-1950. Princeton University Press. p. 45. ISBN 9781400847693. Retrieved September 18, 2017.

[Lewis2015-24] Lewis, Tom (2015). Washington: A History of Our National City. Basic Books. p. 105. ISBN 9780465061587. Retrieved September 18, 2017.

[25] "Copy of deed from John Threlkeld to Francis Neale, 1895 | Georgetown University Archival Resources". findingaids.library.georgetown.edu. Retrieved 2022-12-21.

[26] Washington, City and Capital, 1937, p.745-6

[27] Proctor, John Clagett (February 8, 1942). "Mount Hope Lives Again". The Sunday Star. p. 29.

[28] National Intelligencer, 9 September 1830.

[29] Kaufmann, Patricia (2015). "The Confederate Paymaster's Property Becomes the National Colored Home" (PDF). Confederate Postal History. Retrieved 2022-12-21.

[30] "History of Georgetown Visitation - Georgetown Visitation Preparatory School". www.visi.org. Retrieved 2022-12-21.

[31] "Threlkeld Public School., 1956 | Georgetown University Archival Resources". findingaids.library.georgetown.edu. Retrieved 2022-12-21.

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John Threlkeld

Early life and family

Career

Landowner and farmer

Public service

Other activities

Death

Legacy

References

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