Mary Catherine Gunning Colum (néeMaguire; 13 June 1884 – 22 October 1957)[1] was an Irishliterary critic and author, who also co-founded a literary journal.
Mary Catherine Gunning Maguire was born in Collooney, County Sligo, the daughter of Charles Maguire and Catherine (Gunning) Maguire. Her mother died in 1895, leaving her to be reared by her grandmother, also named Catherine, in Ballisodare, County Sligo. She attended boarding school at St Louis' Convent, Monaghan.
Educated at Royal University, Trinity she was founder of the Twilight Literary Society which led her to meet W. B. Yeats. She regularly attended the Abbey Theatre and was a frequent visitor amongst the salons, readings and debates there.[2]
After graduation in 1909, she taught with Louise Gavan Duffy at St Ita's (companion school to Patrick Pearse's St Enda's School). She was active with Thomas MacDonagh and others in nationalist and cultural causes. She co-founded The Irish Review (1911–14) with David Houston, Thomas MacDonagh, et al. and she and her husband, Padraic Colum, edited the magazine for some months of its four-year career.[3] She was encouraged by Yeats to specialise in French literary criticism and to translate Paul Claudel.
She associated with James Joyce in Paris, and discouraged him from duping enquirers about the origins of the interior monologue in the example of Edouard Dujardin. She accepted Joyce's very ill daughter Lucia for a week in their Paris flat at the height of her 'hebephrenic' attack, while herself preparing for an operation in May 1932. She served as the literary editor of The Forum magazine from 1933 to 1941, commenced teaching comparative literature with Padraic at Columbia University in 1941.
A work of reminiscence "Our Friend James Joyce (1959)", written by herself and her husband, each writing various chapters, and assembled posthumously by Padraic Colum, sensitively recalls the writer; her letters are held in Scribner's Archive, Princeton University Library, while a collection of her papers is held at SUNY.
She was the author of several books, including the autobiographical Life and the Dream, and From These Roots, a collection of her criticism.
Works
From These Roots: The Ideas that have Made Modern Literature (1937)
Life and the Dream (1947)
Our Friend James Joyce (1958, with Padraic Colum), memoir
References
^"Mary Colum." Encyclopedia of World Biography. Vol. 30. Detroit: Gale, 2010. Biography In Context. Web. 28 February 2013.
Twentieth Century Authors: A Biographical Dictionary of Modern Literature, edited by Stanley J. Kunitz and Howard Haycraft, New York, The H. W. Wilson Company, 1942.
Modern Irish Writers: A Bio-Critical Sourcebook, edited by Alexander G. Gonzalez, Greenwood Press, 1997.