The Neftchala District was formed as a district in the composition of the Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic on February 11, 1940. Until this time it was located in the area of modern Salyan District, and during that year it became part of the Khilly region, organized on January 24, 1939. As Neftchala was an exceptionally industrial region, it was liquidated in December 1959 and unified with the Salyan region. However, after 4 years it was split off from the Salyan District again and became a separate industrial zone. But it was felt that this mixed system for control did not justify itself, and once again Neftchala region was liquidated in 1965 and became part of the Salyan. The region was finally made separate again after 7 years on April 27, 1973.
The total area of the district is 1,451 km 2. 825 km 2 of this territory is productive lands. Agricultural lands cover 390 km 2 of the territory. Cattle – breeding pastures occupy 355 km 2 area, while the total area of planted lands is 470 km 2. Fruit gardens and saline lands cover 5 km 2 and 13 km 2 areas respectively.[4]
Population
Population by sex, towns and regions, urban settlements of the Republic of Azerbaijan at the beginning of 2018[5]
Towns and regions
Total
including:
Urban places
including:
Rural places
including:
men
women
men
women
men
women
Neftchala region
87.3
43.3
44.0
40.8
20.2
20.6
46.5
23.1
23.4
Neftchala town
21.8
10.9
10.9
21.8
10.9
10.9
-
-
-
Banka settlement
7.8
3.9
3.9
7.8
3.9
3.9
-
-
-
Hasanabad settlement
6.9
3.3
3.6
6.9
3.3
3.6
-
-
-
Khilli settlement
4.3
2.1
2.2
4.3
2.1
2.2
-
-
-
Geography and climate
The territory of the district is mainly lowland. The district is situated 22 meters lower than sea level. Shirvan and Mugan Lowlands covers the south-east of the district.[6] The river Kura flows into the Caspian Sea in Neftchala district.[3] There are mud volcanos that occupy the area from Baligchi to Gizilagaj bay. There are several underwater plains in the coastal area of the Neftchala district. They are Karagedov, Kalmichkov, Kur, Borisov, Kornilov-Pavlov, Plita, Pogorelaya, and Golovachev. There is a lake named Duzdag, which is situated between Babazanan and Durovdag peaks, on the border of the Salyan district.[6]
The district has a semi-desert and warm climate. The average temperature is 3C in January and 25-36 C in July.[6]
Flora and fauna
Lands of the district are divided as grey-meadow, alluvial meadow, and swampy meadow. There are saline soils as well. Vegetation in the district is semi-desert and desert type. There can be found Tugay forests.[6]
Khazar is an automobile factory belonging to Azermash Company located in Neftchala, Azerbaijan.
Agriculture, fishing, oil, and gas are the cores of the district economy.[3]
Statistics of agriculture in Neftchala district[7]
2010
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
Total area of agricultural crops (ha)
Cereal crops
39,666
39,820
42,944
45,208
43,778
46,583
of which wheat
9,903
8,556
3,879
5,212
4,620
5,814
Cotton
1,822
1,260
713
557
221
1,541
Potato
90
111
112
113
114
114
Vegetable
121
140
137
134
122
119
Garden plants
38
138
104
126
140
146
Fruits and berries
581
583
584
586
588
589
Grape
8
7
7
7
7
57
Production of main agricultural products (ton)
Cereal crops
100,483
102,261
110,933
86,078
136,588
105,384
of which wheat
25,171
22,138
10,738
11,988
15,246
16,408
Cotton
1,360
1,259
753
768
255
1,978
Potato
1,119
1,333
1,370
1,368
1,402
1,398
Vegetable
1,350
1,705
1,715
1,674
1,527
1,488
Garden plants
340
1,637
1,319
1,610
2,158
2,250
Fruits and berries
2,407
2,463
2,476
2,486
2,374
2,288
Grape
235
247
254
258
302
177
Productivity of agricultural products (centner/ha)
Cereal corps
25.3
25.7
25.8
19.0
31.2
22.6
of which wheat
25.4
25.9
27.7
23.0
33.0
28.2
Cotton
7.5
10.0
10.6
13.8
11.5
12.8
Potato
125
120
122
121
122
123
Vegetable
112
122
125
125
125
125
Garden plants
90
119
127
128
154
154
Fruits and berries
52.7
53.1
53.8
53.9
51.5
49.7
Grape
61.5
44.9
45.1
45.9
85.7
171.4
Number of livestock
Large livestock
40,604
41,512
41,868
42,159
42,428
42,849
of which cow and buffalo
19,495
20,236
20,677
20,869
21,062
21,173
Sheep and goats
116,026
125,096
128,940
130,385
132,983
139,323
Birds
325,103
445,262
675,743
613,856
910,620
1,006,422
Production of livestock products (ton)
Meat
3,158
7,330
7,304
8,590
8,850
8,945
Milk
20,167
22,869
23,734
23,865
24,325
24,415
Eggs (in thousand)
3,730
4,016
4,205
4,267
6,100
7,385
Wool (in physical weight)
190
236
253
254
262
268
Municipalities
There are 17 municipalities in the district which consist of 163 members. Neftchala municipality has 15 members, Khylly municipality has 9, Hasanabad municipality has 11, and other village municipalities have 128 members. The municipalities of Neftchala district are situated in the city, with two settlements, and 14 villages.[4]
Court
The court was established on 20 April 1974. The initial name of the court was Neftchala District People's Court. Its name was changed to Neftchala District Court in 2000.[8]