Salamina, Caldas

Salamina (Caldas)
Salamina (Caldas)
Municipality and town
	Flag Seal
	Nickname: City of Light
	Location of the municipality and town of Salamina, in the Caldas Department of Colombia.
	Salamina (Caldas) Location in Colombia
	Coordinates: 5°24′29.99″N 75°29′24″W / 5.4083306°N 75.49000°W
Country	Colombia
Department	Caldas Department
Founded	1825
Area
• Municipality and town	403.54 km2 (155.81 sq mi)
Elevation	1,822 m (5,978 ft)
Population (2009)
• Municipality and town	18,704
• Density	46/km2 (120/sq mi)
• Urban	10,933
Time zone	UTC-5 (Colombia Standard Time)
Website	www.salamina-caldas.gov.co

Salamina is a town and municipality in the Colombian department of Caldas. It is located north of the department and has a township called San Felix. It was declared a national monument and historic heritage of mankind.

Salamina was founded in 1825 by Fermin Lopez, Francisco Marulanda and others. Salamina is known as the "city of light" because there Caldas has produced many poets, musicians, actors and writers. It is also known as "Mother of Nations" because it was one of the centers from where the founders and first settlers of Neira, Aranzazu, Manizales, Santa Rosa de Cabal, Pereira, Armenia, among others parted. It was elevated to a municipality in 1861.

It has a population of about 20,000 inhabitants, an area of 40,354 hectares and an average temperature of 22 °C (71.6 °F). Its economy is based on coffee, dairy and livestock.

Salamina was named a Pueblo Patrimonio (heritage town) of Colombia in 2010. It is the only municipality in the Eje Cafetero that was selected to be part of the Red Turística de Pueblos Patrimonio original cohort.^[2] In addition, the town was named part of the "Coffee Cultural Landscape" UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2011.^[3]

Climate

Climate data for San Felix, Salamina, elevation 2,696 m (8,845 ft), (1981–2010)
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)	16.6 (61.9)	16.8 (62.2)	16.6 (61.9)	16.6 (61.9)	16.8 (62.2)	17.0 (62.6)	17.1 (62.8)	17.1 (62.8)	16.8 (62.2)	16.0 (60.8)	15.7 (60.3)	16.2 (61.2)	16.6 (61.9)
Daily mean °C (°F)	11.0 (51.8)	11.3 (52.3)	11.5 (52.7)	11.6 (52.9)	11.7 (53.1)	11.6 (52.9)	11.6 (52.9)	11.5 (52.7)	11.4 (52.5)	11.2 (52.2)	11.0 (51.8)	11.0 (51.8)	11.4 (52.5)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)	5.3 (41.5)	5.9 (42.6)	6.1 (43.0)	6.7 (44.1)	6.8 (44.2)	6.3 (43.3)	6.0 (42.8)	5.9 (42.6)	6.2 (43.2)	6.4 (43.5)	6.2 (43.2)	5.6 (42.1)	6.1 (43.0)
Average precipitation mm (inches)	84.2 (3.31)	91.4 (3.60)	142.8 (5.62)	181.3 (7.14)	172.2 (6.78)	89.3 (3.52)	67.5 (2.66)	80.9 (3.19)	134.6 (5.30)	228.9 (9.01)	219.1 (8.63)	130.8 (5.15)	1,623 (63.90)
Average precipitation days	15	16	21	22	21	16	13	14	18	24	23	19	220
Average relative humidity (%)	85	85	86	87	87	85	83	82	84	86	87	87	85
Mean monthly sunshine hours	155.0	132.7	120.9	93.0	114.7	150.0	179.8	170.5	135.0	102.3	93.0	127.1	1,574
Mean daily sunshine hours	5.0	4.7	3.9	3.1	3.7	5.0	5.8	5.5	4.5	3.3	3.1	4.1	4.3
Source: Instituto de Hidrologia Meteorologia y Estudios Ambientales^[4]

References

^ "Colombia. Proyecciones De Población Municipales Por Área" (xls) (in Spanish).
^ "GUÍA: Red Turística de Pueblos Patrimonio de Colombia" (PDF). Fondo Nacional de Turismo de la República de Colombia - FONTUR. Dec 2020. Retrieved 29 Mar 2021.
^ "Coffee Cultural Landscape". UNESCO World Heritage List. United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization. Retrieved 25 Apr 2011.
^ "Promedios Climatológicos 1981–2010" (in Spanish). Instituto de Hidrologia Meteorologia y Estudios Ambientales. Archived from the original on 15 August 2016. Retrieved 17 June 2024.