Sulpicia gens

The gens Sulpicia was one of the most ancient patrician families at ancient Rome, and produced a succession of distinguished men, from the foundation of the Republic to the imperial period. The first member of the gens who obtained the consulship was Servius Sulpicius Camerinus Cornutus, in 500 BC, only nine years after the expulsion of the Tarquins, and the last of the name who appears on the consular list was Sextus Sulpicius Tertullus in AD 158. Although originally patrician, the family also possessed plebeian members, some of whom may have been descended from freedmen of the gens.[1]

Praenomina

The Sulpicii made regular use of only four praenomina: Publius, Servius, Quintus, and Gaius. The only other praenomen appearing under the Republic is Marcus, known from the father of Gaius Sulpicius Peticus, five times consul during the fourth century BC. The last of the Sulpicii known to have held the consulship, in the second century AD, was named Sextus, a praenomen otherwise unknown in this gens.[1]

Branches and cognomina

During the Republic, several branches of the Sulpician gens were identified by numerous cognomina, including Camerinus, Cornutus, Galba, Gallus, Longus, Paterculus, Peticus, Praetextatus, Quirinus, Rufus, and Saverrio. In addition to these cognomina, we meet with some other surnames belonging to freedmen and to other persons under the Empire. On coins we find the surnames Galba, Platorinus, Proclus, and Rufus.[1]

Camerinus was the name of an old patrician family of the Sulpicia gens, which probably derived its name from the ancient town of Cameria or Camerium, in Latium. Many of them bore the agnomen Cornutus, from a Latin adjective meaning "horned". The Camerini frequently held the highest offices in the state in the early times of the Republic; but after 345 BC, when Servius Sulpicius Camerinus Rufus was consul, we do not hear of them again for upwards of three hundred years, till Quintus Sulpicius Camerinus obtained the consulship in AD 9. The family was reckoned one of the noblest in Rome in the early times of the Empire.[2]

The Praetextati appear in the second half of the fifth century BC. The family appears to have been a small one, descended from the Camerini. It probably derived its name from one of several related meanings. Praetextus commonly referred to clothing with a decorative border, and especially to the toga praetexta, a toga with a purple border worn by boys and magistrates. Something veiled or concealed could also be described as praetextatus.[3][4]

The Sulpicii Longi flourished during the fourth century BC, from the time of the Gallic sack of Rome in 390 to the period of the Samnite Wars. The cognomen Longus may have been bestowed upon the ancestor of this family because he was particularly tall.[5][6]

The surname Rufus, meaning "red", probably referred to the color of the hair of one of the Sulpicii, and may have begun as a cadet branch of the Camerini, as both cognomina were united in the consul of 345 BC.[7] Several Sulpicii bearing this surname appear towards the end of the Republic, but as some appear to have been patricians and others plebeians, they may have constituted two distinct families.[8][9]

The Sulpicii Galli were a family of the second and third centuries BC. Their cognomen may refer to a cock, or to a Gaul. The greatest of this family, Gaius Sulpicius Gallus, was a successful general and statesman, as well as an orator and scholar much admired by Cicero.[10]

The Sulpicii Galbae first came to prominence during the Second Punic War, and remained distinguished until the first century AD, when Servius Sulpicius Galba claimed the title of Emperor.[11] Suetonius gives four possible explanations of this surname: that the first of the family burnt a town he had besieged, using torches smeared with galbanum, a type of gum; or that, chronically ill, he made regular use of a type of remedy wrapped in wool, known as galbeum; or that galba was a Gallic word for someone very fat; or instead that he resembled a galba, a grub or caterpillar.[12] The surname may also share a common root with the adjective galbinus, a greenish-yellow color.[13]

Members

This list includes abbreviated praenomina. For an explanation of this practice, see filiation.

Sulpicii Camerini

Sulpicii Praetextati

Sulpicii Petici

  • Quintus Sulpicius Peticus, grandfather of the consul of 364 BC.[52]
  • Marcus Sulpicius Q. f. Peticus, father of the consul of 364 BC.[52]
  • Gaius Sulpicius M. f. Q. n. Peticus, censor in 366, consul in 364, 361, 355, 353, and 351 BC, and dictator in 358.[53][54]

Sulpicii Longi

Sulpicii Saverriones

Sulpicii Paterculi

Sulpicii Galli

  • Servius Sulpicius Gallus, grandfather of the consul of 243 BC.[74]
  • Gaius Sulpicius Ser. f. Gallus, father of the consul of 243 BC.[74]
  • Gaius Sulpicius C. f. Ser. n. Gallus, consul in 243 BC.[75][76][74]
  • Gaius Sulpicius C. f. Gallus, father of the consul of 166 BC.[77]
  • Gaius Sulpicius C. f. C. n. Gallus, a great scholar; as consul in 166 BC, triumphed over the Ligures.[78][79][80][81][75][77]
  • Quintus Sulpicius C. f. C. n. Gallus, died at an early age, and his death was borne by his father with great fortitude.[82]
  • Galus Sulpicius, consul suffectus in 4 BC. Believed to be a descendant of the consul of 166 BC.
  • Galus Sulpicius, son of the above. triumvir monetalis in 5 BC.

Sulpicii Galbae

Sulpicii Rufi

Others

  • Gaius Sulpicius, praetor in 211 BC, was assigned the province of Sicily.[156]
  • Sulpicia, the mother-in-law of Spurius Postumius Albinus, consul in 186 BC.[157]
  • Servius Sulpicius, mentioned by Quintus Horatius Flaccus as an author of love-poems.
  • Publius Sulpicius (P. f.) Quirinus, censor in 42 BC,[v] and consul suffectus in 36 BC.[75][158][159]
  • Publius Sulpicius P. f. P. n. Quirinius, also called Quirinius, consul in 12 BC, and later governor of Syria.[160][161][162][163][164][165]
  • Sulpicius Flavus, a companion of the emperor Claudius, whom he assisted in the composition of his historical works.[166]
  • Gaius Sulpicius Hyginus, a resident of Pompeii in Campania, and the former master of Gaius Sulpicius Heraclida.[167]
  • Gaius Sulpicius Heraclida, the freedman of Gaius Sulpicius Hyginus at Puteoli in Campania, was the husband of Harmonia, and probably the father of Gaius Sulpicius Faustus, a banker at Pompeii during the middle of the first century. Gaius Sulpicius Onirus, also a banker at Pompeii, might be a younger son or grandson.[167]
  • Gaius Sulpicius (C. f.) Faustus, a banker at Pompeii during the middle of the first century, together with Gaius Sulpicius Onirus, probably either his younger brother or his son. He was probably the son of the freedman Gaius Sulpicius Heraclida. Gaius Sulpicius Cinnamus was his freedman, and acted as his agent.[167]
  • Gaius Sulpicius (C. f.) Onirus, a banker at Pompeii during the middle of the first century, together with Gaius Sulpicius Faustus, either his younger brother or perhaps his son. He was probably either the son or grandson of Gaius Sulpicius Heraclida.[168][167]
  • Gaius Sulpicius C. l. Cinnamus, the freedman of Gaius Sulpicius Faustus, a banker at Pompeii in the middle of the first century. He acted as agent for Faustus, while a Gaius Sulpicius Eutychus, also a freedman of this family, acted on behalf of Cinnamus.[169]
  • Gaius Sulpicius (C. l.) Eutychus, a freedman who acted as agent on behalf of the freedman Gaius Sulpicius Cinnamus, part of a banking family at Pompeii during the middle of the first century.[170]
  • Sulpicius Asper, a centurion, and one of the conspirators against Nero, discovered and put to death in AD 66.[171][172]
  • Sulpicius Florus, an infantryman granted Roman citizenship under the emperor Galba, who later participated in the emperor's overthrow.
  • Sulpicius Blitho, a source cited by the biographer Cornelius Nepos.
  • Sulpicia, a poet who lived during the latter part of the first century. Her love poetry, addressed to her husband, Calenus, were admired by Martial, Ausonius, and Sidonius Apollinaris. A satire upon the edict of Domitian banishing philosophers from Italy, found among the works of Ausonius, is generally attributed to her.[173][174][175][176][177]
  • Sulpicia Lepidina, the wife of Flavius Cerealis, prefect of a cohort at Vindolanda in Britannia, circa AD 103.
  • Servius Sulpicius Similis, governor of Egypt from AD 107 to 112, and Praetorian Prefect from 112 to 118.[178]
  • Sulpicius Apollinaris, a grammarian, and a friend and contemporary of Aulus Gellius during the later second century. He was probably the same Sulpicius Apollinaris who was a tutor of Pertinax.[179][180]
  • Sulpicius of Carthage, the author of two poems in the Latin Anthology, identified by some authorities with Sulpicius Apollinaris.[181][182]
  • Sextus Sulpicius Tertullus, consul in AD 158.[75]
  • Sulpicia Memmia, one of the three wives of Alexander Severus. Her father was a man of consular rank; her grandfather's name was Catulus.[183]
  • Sulpicia Dryantilla, daughter of Sulpicius Pollio and wife of Roman usurper Regalianus during the Crisis of the Third Century. Received the title of Augusta. Possibly killed with her husband in 260.
  • Sulpicius Lupercus Servastus, a Latin poet, of whom nothing is known except his elegy, De Cupiditate, and a Sapphic ode, De Vetustate.[184]
  • Sulpicius Severus, an ecclesiastical historian of the late 4th and early 5th centuries.

Christian figures

See also

Footnotes

  1. ^ In one passage, Livy refers to him as Publius.
  2. ^ Broughton gives Gaius Sulpicius Geminus.
  3. ^ His surname is attested only by Valerius Maximus, leading some scholars to question its authenticity, as this Sulpicius was a plebeian, and presumably unrelated to the jurist Servius Sulpicius Rufus, a patrician.[8][9]
  4. ^ Sometimes referred to as "Servius Sulpicius Lemonia Rufus, although "Lemonia" was his voting tribe, rather than his personal name.
  5. ^ Broughton gives Publius Sulpicius Rufus, and does not mention either in 36.

References

  1. ^ a b c Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, vol. III, p. 945 ("Sulpicia Gens").
  2. ^ Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, vol. I, p. 590 ("Camerinus").
  3. ^ Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, vol. III, pp. 515, 516 ("Praetextatus").
  4. ^ Cassell's Latin & English Dictionary, s. v. "praetextatus".
  5. ^ Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, vol. II, p. 806 ("Sulpicius Longus").
  6. ^ Cassell's Latin & English Dictionary, s. v. "longus".
  7. ^ Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, vol. III, pp. 945–947 ("Sulpicius Rufus").
  8. ^ a b Badian, "The Clever and the Wise", pp. 6–7 (and note 6).
  9. ^ a b Evans, "Review", pp. 765–766.
  10. ^ Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, vol. II, pp. 228, 229 ("Sulpicius Gallus").
  11. ^ Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, vol. II, pp. 203–207 ("Galba").
  12. ^ Suetonius, "The Life of Galba", 3.
  13. ^ Cassell's Latin & English Dictionary, s. v. "galbinus".
  14. ^ a b Broughton, vol. I, p. 10.
  15. ^ Livy, ii. 19.
  16. ^ Dionysius, v. 52, 55, 57, vi. 20.
  17. ^ Cicero, Brutus, 16.
  18. ^ Zonaras, vii. 13.
  19. ^ Dionysius, vii. 68, viii. 22.
  20. ^ Broughton, vol. I, p. 18.
  21. ^ Broughton, vol. I, p. 36.
  22. ^ Livy, iii. 10, 31, 33, 70.
  23. ^ Dionysius, x. 1, 52, 56.
  24. ^ Diodorus Siculus, xi. 84.
  25. ^ Broughton, vol. I, pp. 36, 37, 45, 46, 51.
  26. ^ Livy, v. 8, 14.
  27. ^ Diodorus Siculus, xiv. 38, 82.
  28. ^ Broughton, vol. I, pp. 83, 86.
  29. ^ Livy, v. 29, 32, vi. 5.
  30. ^ Diodorus Siculus, xiv. 99, 107.
  31. ^ Broughton, vol. I, pp. 91–93, 99.
  32. ^ Livy, vi. 4, 18, 21.
  33. ^ Broughton, vol. I, pp. 99, 102, 103, 108.
  34. ^ Livy, vi. 22, 27.
  35. ^ Diodorus Siculus, xv. 41.
  36. ^ Broughton, vol. I, pp. 103–106.
  37. ^ Livy, vii. 28.
  38. ^ Diodorus Siculus, xvi. 66.
  39. ^ Broughton, vol. I, p. 131.
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  41. ^ Pliny the Elder, vii. 48.
  42. ^ Tacitus, Annales, xiii. 52.
  43. ^ a b Cassius Dio, lxiii. 18.
  44. ^ a b Pliny the Younger Epistulae, v. 3.
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  51. ^ Tacitus, Historiae, iv. 42.
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  57. ^ Macrobius, i. 16.
  58. ^ Broughton, vol. I, p. 90.
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  71. ^ Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, vol. III, p. 944 ("Sulpicia").
  72. ^ Valerius Maximus, viii. 15. § 12.
  73. ^ Pliny the Elder, vii. 35.
  74. ^ a b c Broughton, vol. I, p. 217.
  75. ^ a b c d Fasti Capitolini.
  76. ^ Diodorus Siculus, Fragmenta Vaticana, p. 60 (ed. Dinsdorf).
  77. ^ a b Broughton, vol. I, p. 437.
  78. ^ Livy, xliii. 2, 13, 16, 17, xliv. 37, xiv. 27, 44, Epitome, 46.
  79. ^ Pliny the Elder, ii. 12.
  80. ^ Obsequens, 71.
  81. ^ Cicero, Brutus. 20, 23, De Republica i. 14, 15, De Senectute, 14, Laelius de Amicitia, 27, De Officiis, i. 6.
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  84. ^ Livy, xxv. 41, xxvi. 1, 28, xxvii. 7, 10, 22, 31–33, xxviii. 5–7, xxix. 12, xxx. 24, xxxi. 4–8, 14, 22, 27, 33–40, xxxii. 28, xxxiii. 24, xxxiv. 59, xxxv. 13, 13, 16.
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  86. ^ Appian, Macedonica, 2 ff.
  87. ^ Eutropius, iii. 14.
  88. ^ Orosius, iv. 17.
  89. ^ Broughton, vol. I, pp. 272, 280, 287, 292, 296, 300, 311, 323.
  90. ^ Livy, xxvii. 21, xxix. 11, xxx. 26, xxxii. 7.
  91. ^ Broughton, vol. I, pp. 291, 314, 329.
  92. ^ Livy, xxx. 39, xxxii. 7.
  93. ^ Broughton, vol. I, pp. 318, 329.
  94. ^ Livy, xxxviii. 35, 42, xxxiv. 5, 32.
  95. ^ Broughton, vol. I, pp. 361, 368.
  96. ^ Livy, xlii. 28, 31.
  97. ^ Broughton, vol. I, p. 417.
  98. ^ Appian, Hispanica, 58, 59, 60.
  99. ^ Livy, xlv. 35, 36, Epitome, 49.
  100. ^ a b c d e Suetonius, "The Life of Galba", 3.
  101. ^ Orosius, iv. 20.
  102. ^ Valerius Maximus, viii. 1. § 2, 7 § 1.
  103. ^ Plutarch, "The Life of Cato the Elder"
  104. ^ Cornelius Nepos, "The Life of Cato", 3.
  105. ^ Gellius, i. 12, 23, xiii. 24.
  106. ^ Cicero, De Oratore, i. 10, 13, 53, 60, ii. 2, 65, iii. 7, Brutus, 22–24, 33, 86, 97, Orator ad M. Brutum, 30, Epistulae ad Atticum, xii. 5, Pro Murena, 28, Tusculanae Quaestiones, i. 3, Academica Priora, ii. 16, De Republica, iii. 30, Rhetorica ad Herennium, iv. 5.
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  113. ^ Obsequens, 100.
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  116. ^ Broughton, vol. II, p. 21.
  117. ^ Appian BC 1.47
  118. ^ Cicero, In Verrem, i. 7, 10, Epistulae ad Atticum, i. 1, ix. 9, De Haruspicum Responsis, 6.
  119. ^ Quintus Tullius Cicero, De Petitione Consulatus, 2.
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  121. ^ Appian, Bella Mithridatica, 43.
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  126. ^ Valerius Maximus, vi. 2. § 11.
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  141. ^ Plutarch, "The Life of Sulla", 10.
  142. ^ Livy, Epitome, 77.
  143. ^ Velleius Paterculus, ii. 18.
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  152. ^ Cicero, Epistulae ad Familiares, xiii. 77.
  153. ^ Broughton, vol. II, p. 273, 358, 359.
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  155. ^ Tacitus, Annales, xi. 35.
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  157. ^ Livy, xxxix. 11-13.
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  159. ^ Broughton, p. 358, 359.
  160. ^ Cassius Dio, liv. 28.
  161. ^ Tacitus, Annales, ii. 30, iii. 22, 48.
  162. ^ Suetonius, "The Life of Tiberius", 49.
  163. ^ Strabo, xii., p. 569.
  164. ^ Josephus, Antiquitates Judaïcae, xviii. 1. § 1.
  165. ^ Luke, ii. 1.
  166. ^ Suetonius, "The Life of Claudius", 4, 41.
  167. ^ a b c d AE 1999, 454.
  168. ^ AE 1982, 203.
  169. ^ AE 1973, 159, AE 1973, 161, AE 1982, 201, AE 1982, 202.
  170. ^ AE 1973, 161.
  171. ^ Tacitus Annales, xv. 49, 50, 68.
  172. ^ Cassius Dio, lxii. 24.
  173. ^ Martial, x. 35–38.
  174. ^ Ausonius, Cento Nuptialis.
  175. ^ Sidonius Apollinaris, "Carmina IX", 260.
  176. ^ Anthologia Latina, iii. 251 (ed. Burmann), 198 (ed. Meyer).
  177. ^ Wernsdorf, Poëtae Latini Minores, vol. iii. pp. lx, 83.
  178. ^ G. Bastianini, "Lista dei prefetti d'Egitto".
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  180. ^ Julius Capitolinus, "The Life of Pertinax", 1.
  181. ^ Anthologia Latina, Nos. 222, 223 (ed. Meyer).
  182. ^ Donatus, Vita Virgilii.
  183. ^ Aelius Lampridius, "The Life of Alexander Severus", c. 20.
  184. ^ Wernsdorf, Poëtae Latini Minores, iii. p. 235 ff, 408.

Bibliography

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Stegocephali Periode Devon Akhir – Masa kini, 375–0 jtyl PreЄ Є O S D C P T J K Pg N Kemungkinan catatan pada periode Devon Tengah Examples of stegocephalians (clockwise from top left): Litoria phyllochroa, Acanthostega gunnari, Vulpes vulpes, and Tyto alba SubkelompokLihat tekslbs Stegocephali (terkadang disebut Stegocephalia) adalah sebuah kelompok yang mencakup semua vertebrata berkaki empat. Kelompok ini setara dengan definisi luas tetrapoda: dibawah definisi luas ini, istilah tet…

British journalist and businessman (born 1958) The Right HonourableThe Viscount RidleyDL FRSL FMedSciRidley in 2018Member of the House of LordsLord Temporalas an elected hereditary peer8 February 2013 – 17 December 2021 [1]By-election8 February 2013Preceded byThe 13th Earl FerrersSucceeded byThe 3rd Baron StrathcarronChairman of Northern RockIn officeApril 2004 – October 2007Preceded bySir John RiddellSucceeded byBryan Sanderson Personal detailsBornMatthew W…

Black Orpheus(Orfeu Negro)Poster film asliSutradaraMarcel CamusProduserSacha GordineDitulis olehMarcel CamusVinicius de MoraesJacques ViotPemeranMarpessa DawnBreno MelloPenata musikLuiz BonfáAntônio Carlos JobimJoão GilbertoSinematograferJean BourgoinPenyuntingAndrée FeixPerusahaanproduksiDispat Films (FR)Gemma (IT)Tupan Filmes (BR)DistributorGAGA CommunicationsLopert PicturesTanggal rilis 12 Juni 1959 (1959-06-12) (Prancis) Durasi107 menitNegaraBrasilPrancisItaliaBahasaPortug…

Orde Lenin Orde Lenin (1943-1991) Dianugerahkan oleh  Uni Soviet Jenis Orde satu tingkat Persyaratan penerima Warga negara Uni Soviet; orang asing; lembaga, perusahaan, dan perkumpulan Dianugerahkan atas dasar jasa luar biasa yang diberikan kepada negara,jasa yang patut diteladani dalam angkatan bersenjata,memajukan persahabatan dan kerja sama antarwarga serta mempererat perdamaian, danjasa yang berguna bagi bangsa dan negara Status Tidak lagi dianugerahkan Statistik Ditetapkan pada 6 April…

Not to be confused with Secretary-General of the United Nations. Chair and presiding officer of the General Assembly President of the United Nations General AssemblyEmblem of the United NationsFlag of the United NationsIncumbentDennis Francissince 5 September 2023United Nations General AssemblyStyleHis ExcellencyStatusPresiding officerMember ofGeneral AssemblyResidenceNew York City ( International Territory)SeatUnited Nations HeadquartersAppointerMember states of General AssemblyTerm length…

Election for the governorship of the U.S. state of Kansas 1898 Kansas gubernatorial election ← 1896 November 8, 1898 1900 →   Nominee William Eugene Stanley John W. Leedy Party Republican Populist Popular vote 149,292 134,158 Percentage 51.81% 46.55% Governor before election John W. Leedy Populist Elected Governor William Eugene Stanley Republican Elections in Kansas Federal government Presidential elections 1864 1868 1872 1876 1880 1884 1888 1892 1896 1900 1904 1…

Estadi Municipal de la Nova Creu AltaNova Creu AltaLocationPlaça Olímpia, 1, Sabadell, Catalonia, SpainOwnerSabadell City HallOperatorCE Sabadell FCCapacity11,908Field size103 x 70 metersSurfaceGrassConstructionOpened20 August 1967Construction cost27 million pesetasArchitectGabriel Bracons i SinglaTenantsCE Sabadell FC (Segunda División) 1967 - present Estadi Municipal de la Nova Creu Alta is a multi-use stadium in Sabadell, Catalonia, Spain. It is currently used mostly for football matches a…

Ls

Command to list files and directories in Unix and Unix-like operating systems For other uses, see LS. lsLong file listing with ls --color=auto -l in Linux showing various modes, date formats, colors and appended indicators (executables and directories).Original author(s)coreutils: Richard Stallman and David MacKenzieDeveloper(s)Various open-source and commercial developersWritten inCOperating systemMultics, Unix, Unix-like, Plan 9, Inferno, MSX-DOSTypeCommandLicensecoreutils: GPLv3+BusyBox: GPL-…

صباح فخري معلومات شخصية اسم الولادة صباح الدين أبو قوس الميلاد 2 مايو 1933   حلب  الوفاة 2 نوفمبر 2021 (88 سنة) [1]  دمشق[2]  مواطنة الجمهورية السورية الثانية (1933–1958) الجمهورية العربية المتحدة (1958–1961) سوريا (1961–2021)  الديانة الإسلام مناصب عضو مجلس الشعب السوري[3]…

Dewan Pimpinan Presiden (PLC ; Arab : مجلس القيادة الرئاسي , diromanisasi : Majlis al-Qiyādah al-Riʼāsī ) adalah badan eksekutif pemerintah Yaman yang diakui secara internasional, dibentuk pada 7 April 2022. Dewan ini diketuai oleh Rashad Muhammad Al-Alimi dan mempunyai delapan anggota, termasuk perwakilan dari Dewan Transisi Selatan. Dekrit tersebut mengklaim seluruh kekuasaan presiden dan wakil presiden telah dialihkan ke dewan ini. Namun, hal ini juga memb…

Voce principale: Vicenza Calcio. Associazione Calcio VicenzaStagione 1949-1950Sport calcio SquadraVicenza Calcio Allenatore Wilmas Wilhelm Presidente Lodovico Di Thiene Serie B13º posto. Maggiori presenzeCampionato: Gozzi (42) Miglior marcatoreCampionato: Quaresima (18) 1948-1949 1950-1951 Si invita a seguire il modello di voce Questa voce raccoglie le informazioni riguardanti l'Associazione Calcio Vicenza nelle competizioni ufficiali della stagione 1949-1950. Indice 1 Rosa 2 Risultati 2.1 Camp…

追晉陸軍二級上將趙家驤將軍个人资料出生1910年 大清河南省衛輝府汲縣逝世1958年8月23日(1958歲—08—23)(47—48歲) † 中華民國福建省金門縣国籍 中華民國政党 中國國民黨获奖 青天白日勳章(追贈)军事背景效忠 中華民國服役 國民革命軍 中華民國陸軍服役时间1924年-1958年军衔 二級上將 (追晉)部队四十七師指挥東北剿匪總司令部參謀長陸軍總…

British digital radio station For the BBC radio station also known as 'Radio 4', see BBC Radio 4. BBC Radio 4 ExtraLogo used since 2022LondonBroadcast areaUnited Kingdom and Internationally via Satellite and BBC SoundsFrequencyDAB: 12B BBC National DABFreesat: 708Freeview: 708Sky (UK only): 0126Virgin Media: 910Virgin Media Ireland: 929ProgrammingLanguage(s)EnglishFormatComedyDramaEntertainmentOwnershipOwnerBBCSister stationsBBC Radio 4HistoryFirst air date15 December 2002; 21 years…

The following are lists of Netflix original films by year: Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org.Netflix original films by year Lists List of Netflix original films (2015–2017) List of Netflix original films (2018) List of Netflix original films (2019) List of Netflix original films (2020) List of Netflix original films (2021) List of Netflix original films (2022) List of Netflix original films (2023) List of Netflix original fil…

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