1527
Calendar year
May 6 : Spanish and German troops sack Rome .
Year 1527 (MDXXVII ) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar .
Events
January–March
April–June
April 30 – The Treaty of Westminster (1527) , an alliance during the War of the League of Cognac, is signed.
May 6 – Sack of Rome : Spanish and German troops led by the Duke of Bourbon sack Rome , forcing the Medici Pope Clement VII to make peace with Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor , marking the end of the High Renaissance . The Pope grows a beard in mourning.
May 16 – In Florence , the Piagnon, a group devoted to the memory of Girolamo Savonarola , drive out the Medici for a second time, re-establishing the Republic of Florence until 1530 .
June 17
June 22 – Jakarta , modern-day capital of Indonesia , is founded as Jayakarta .[ 5]
July–September
July 5 – General Div Sultan Rumlu , the regent for the 13-year old Tahmasp I , the Safavid Shah of Iran , is assassinated and replaced by Chukha Sultan Tekali .[ 6]
July 25 – The Battle of Sződfalva is fought near Szeged in what is now Hungary , with an army of Hungarians and Romanian Transylvanians defeating a Serbian army led by Jovan Nenad , the self-proclaimed Emperor of the Serbs. The next day, Nenad is assassinated for his failure in battle.
August 3 – The first known letter is sent from North America by John Rut , while at St. John's, Newfoundland , during his voyage to the New World .
August 20
September 27 – Battle of Tarcal : Ferdinand, future Holy Roman Emperor , defeats John Zápolya and takes over most of Hungary . John appeals to the Ottomans for help.
October–December
October 5 – French and Venetian troops kill thousands of civilians in the Italian city of Pavia , even after the defenders agree to surrender.[ 9]
October 31 – Spanish conquistador Álvaro de Saavedra Cerón departs from Zihuatanejo in what is now Mexico on a voyage of exploration of the Pacific Ocean , along with three ships, Saavedra's flagship La Florida , and the vessels Espiritu Santo and Santiago .[ 10]
November 3 – Archduke Ferdinand of Austria is formally crowned as the King of Hungary at the Basilica of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary at Székesfehérvár .
November 4 – In India, Puranmal becomes the new Raja of the Kingdom of Amber (now in the Indian state of Rajasthan ) after his father, the Raja Prithviraj Singh I dies of wounds sustained in March in the Battle of Khanwa .[ 11]
November 15 – The lands of the Bishopric of Utrecht , now in the Netherlands , are ceded to control of the Habsburgs in return for assistance in suppressing a rebellion by the citizens of Utrecht .[ 12]
November 22 – Spain's conquest of Guatemala 's highlands is completed as the capital of the colonial government is moved to the new city of Ciudad Vieja from Santiago de los Caballeros de Guatemala , near Iximche .[ 13]
November 23 – The Érdy Codex , the largest collection of Hungarian legends and Hungarian language literature, is completed on Saint Clement's Day by an unidentified Carthusian monk at the seminary of Nagyszombat in Hungary (now Trnava in Slovakia .[ 14]
December 6 – Pope Clement VII , held prisoner at the Castel Sant'Angelo since the sack of Rome in May, is released after seven months of captivity, along with 16 Roman Catholic cardinals.[ 15]
December 15 – Two of the three ships of Álvaro de Saavedra are separated from his own vessel, La Florida , during a storm. The Espiritu Santo and Santiago , sailing ahead of La Florida , are never heard from again.[ 10]
Date unknown
Births
Anna Sophia of Prussia
Maria Manuela, Princess of Portugal
March 4 – Ludwig Lavater , Swiss Reformed theologian (d. 1586 )
March 5 – Ulrich, Duke of Mecklenburg (d. 1603 )
March 10 – Alfonso d'Este, Lord of Montecchio , Italian nobleman (d. 1587 )
March 21 – Hermann Finck , German composer and music theorist (d. 1558 )
March 28 – Isabella Markham , English courtier (d. 1579 )
March 31 – Edward Fitton, the elder , Irish politician (d. 1579 )
April 14 – Abraham Ortelius , Flemish cartographer and geographer (d. 1598 )
c. May 1 – Johannes Stadius , German astronomer, astrologer, mathematician (d. 1579 )
May 21 – Philip II , King of Spain (d. 1598 )[ 16]
May 31 – Agnes of Hesse , German noble, by marriage, Princess of Saxony (d. 1555 )
June 11 – Anna Sophia of Prussia , Duchess of Prussia and Duchess of Mecklenburg (d. 1591 )
June 24 – Jean Vendeville , French law professor, Roman Catholic bishop (d. 1592 )
July 8 – Saitō Yoshitatsu , Japanese daimyō (d. 1561 )
July 13 – John Dee , English mathematician, astronomer, and geographer (d. 1608 )[ 17]
July 31 – Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1576 )
August 10 – Barbara of Brandenburg, Duchess of Brieg , German princess (d. 1595 )
September 29 – John Lesley , Scottish bishop (d. 1596 )
October 2 – William Drury , English politician (d. 1579 )
October 15 – Maria Manuela, Princess of Portugal (d. 1545 )
October 21 – Louis I, Cardinal of Guise , French Catholic cardinal (d. 1578 )
November 1
November 3 – Tilemann Heshusius , Gnesio-Lutheran theologian (d. 1588 )
November 18 – Luca Cambiasi , Italian painter (d. 1585 )
December 6 – Bernhard VIII, Count of Lippe (d. 1563 )
December 23 – Hugues Doneau , French lawyer (d. 1591 )
date unknown
probable
Deaths
Juan de Grijalva
Niccolò Machiavelli
Rodrigo de Bastidas
January 5 – Felix Manz , leader of the Swiss Anabaptists (executed) (b. 1498 )
January 21 – Juan de Grijalva , Spanish conqueror (b. 1489 )
March 14 – Shwenankyawshin , Burmese king of Ava (b. 1476 )
March 17 – Rana Sanga , Indian ruler (b. 1484 )
April 19
April/May – Sir Thomas Docwra , English Grand Prior of the Knights Hospitaller (b. 1458 )
May 6 – Charles III, Duke of Bourbon , Count of Montpensier and Dauphin of Auvergne (b. 1490 )
June 21 – Niccolò Machiavelli , Italian writer and statesman (b. 1469 )[ 18]
June 28 – Bernardo de' Rossi , Italian bishop (b. 1468 )
July 28 – Rodrigo de Bastidas , Spanish conqueror and explorer (b. c. 1460 )
July 31 – Anna Swenonis , Swedish manuscript illuminator
August 16 – Leonhard Kaiser , German Lutheran theologian and reformer (executed) (b. c. 1480)
September 21 – Casimir, Margrave of Brandenburg-Kulmbach , Margrave of Bayreuth (b. 1481 )
October 27 – Johann Froben , Swiss printer and publisher (b. c. 1460 )
November 15 – Catherine of York , English princess (b. 1479 )[ 19]
November 8 – Jerome Emser , German theologian (b. 1477 )
date unknown
probable – Jane Shore , mistress of King Edward IV of England
References
^ Jansen, Sharon L. (2002). The monstrous regiment of women: female rulers in early modern Europe . Palgrave Macmillan. p. 99. ISBN 0-312-21341-7 .
^ Donald B. Kraybill, Concise Encyclopedia of Amish, Brethren, Hutterites, and Mennonites , Johns Hopkins University Press, 2010) p.25
^ K. V. Krishna Rao (1991). Prepare Or Perish: A Study of National Security . Lancer Publishers. p. 453. ISBN 978-81-7212-001-6 .
^ Hmannan Vol. 2 2003: 137
^ Indonesia, the First 50 Years, 1945-1995 . Buku Antar Bangsa. 1995. p. 119. ISBN 978-979-8926-00-6 .
^
Fisher, William Bayne; Jackson, Peter; Lockhart, Lawrence (1986). The Cambridge History of Iran . Cambridge University Press . p. 236. ISBN 0521200946 . Retrieved September 16, 2015 .
^ Steffensen, Kenneth (2007). Scandinavia After the Fall of the Kalmar Union: a Study of Scandinavian Relations, 1523-1536 . Unpubl. M.A. Thesis, Brigham Young University.
^ Fisher, George P (1873). The Reformation . Scribner.
^ Setton, Kenneth Meyer (1984). The Papacy and the Levant, 1204–1571 . Vol. III: The Sixteenth Century to the Reign of Julius III. American Philosophical Society. p. 286.
^ a b Stuessy Wright, Ione (1951). Voyages of Álvaro de Saavedra Cerón 1527-1529 . Coral Gables, Florida: University of Miami Press.
^ Sarkar, Jadunath (1984). A History of Jaipur: C. 1503-1938 . Orient Longman Limited. p. 33. ISBN 81-250-0333-9 .
^ Holland under Habsburg Rule, 1506–1566, p. 75 ; Chapter three: The States of Holland and the Management of War
^ Pons Sáez, Nuria (1997). La Conquista del Lacandón . Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México . pp. xix–xxix. ISBN 968-36-6150-5 . OCLC 40857165 .
^ Gyula Zolnai, Nyelvemlékeink a könyvnyomtatás koráig ("Our language heritage before the age of printing")(Budapest, 1894)
^ Gayangos (ed.), Calendar Simancas III, part 2, p. 475. Creighton, Mandell (1897). A History of the Papacy from the Great Schism to the Sack of Rome . Vol. VI. London: Longmans, Green, and Company. p. 361. ISBN 9780837077819 .
^ Patrick Williams (March 14, 2017). Philip II . Macmillan International Higher Education. p. 3. ISBN 978-1-4039-1381-4 . [permanent dead link ]
^ Peter J. French (1987). John Dee: The World of an Elizabethan Magus . Psychology Press. p. 20. ISBN 978-0-7448-0079-1 .
^ Phil Harris; Andrew Lock; Patricia Rees (April 20, 2000). Machiavelli, Marketing and Management . Routledge. p. 13. ISBN 978-1-134-60568-2 .
^ Panton, James (February 24, 2011). Historical Dictionary of the British Monarchy . Scarecrow Press. p. 92. ISBN 978-0-8108-7497-8 .