The octant is developed by John Hadley (it will eventually be replaced as an essential tool of navigation by the sextant).
The orrery (or planetarium model) is developed as an apparatus showing the relative positions of heavenly bodies in the Solar System by using balls moved by wheelwork.
The harpoon gun is developed and used for the purpose of throwing the harpoon into the body of whales.
Publications
Publication begins in Augsburg and Ulm of Johann Jakob Scheuchzer's Physica Sacra which attempts to provide a scientific explanation of Biblical history.
^"A considerable share of the intestines cut off after a mortification in a hernia and cured". Medical Essays and Observations. 5 (1). Edinburgh: Society for the Improvement of Medical Knowledge: 427–31. 1742.
^Selley, Peter (2016). "William Cookesley, William Hunter and the first patient to survive removal of the appendix in 1731 – a case history with 31 years' follow up". Journal of Medical Biography. 24: 180–3.