1942 (video game)

1942
1942
	North American arcade flyer
Developer(s)	Capcom; Elite Systems (C64) ; Micronics (Famicom/NES) ; Digital Eclipse (GBC)
Publisher(s)	Capcom Arcade WW: Capcom; NA: Romstar; NA: Williams Electronics; ;
Designer(s)	Yoshiki Okamoto
Composer(s)	Ayako Mori
Platform(s)	Arcade, NES, MSX, Amstrad CPC, Commodore 64, ZX Spectrum, PC-88, FM-7, Sharp X1, Game Boy Color, PlayStation, Saturn, PlayStation 2, Xbox, PlayStation Portable, Windows Mobile Professional
Release	November 30, 1984 Arcade JP: November 30, 1984; EU: May 1985; NA: June 1985; Famicom/NES JP: December 11, 1985; NA: November 1986; Game Boy Color NA: May 19, 2000; PAL: 2001; ;
Genre(s)	Scrolling shooter
Mode(s)	Single-player, multiplayer
Arcade system	Capcom Z80

1942 is a vertically scrolling shooter by Capcom that was released as an arcade video game in 1984. Designed by Yoshiki Okamoto, it was the first game in the 194X series, and was followed by 1943: The Battle of Midway.

1942 is set in the Pacific Theater of World War II, and is loosely based on the Battle of Midway. Despite the game being created by Japanese developers, the goal is to reach Tokyo and destroy the Japanese air fleet; this was due to being the first Capcom game designed with Western markets in mind. It went on to be a commercial success in arcades, becoming Japan's fifth highest-grossing table arcade game of 1986 and one of top five highest-grossing arcade conversion kits that year in the United States. It was ported to the Nintendo Entertainment System, selling over 1 million copies worldwide, along with other home systems.

Gameplay

The player pilots a Lockheed P-38 Lightning dubbed the "Super Ace". The player has to shoot down enemy planes and avoid enemy fire: a single hit on the plane or a collision with another aircraft causes the loss of one life. During the game, the player may collect a series of power-ups, one of them allowing the plane to be escorted by two other smaller fighters in a Tip Tow formation. Enemies included: Kawasaki Ki-61s, Mitsubishi A6M Zeros and Kawasaki Ki-48s. The boss plane is a Nakajima G10N.

The game has "a special roll button that allows players to avoid dangerous situations by temporarily looping out of" the playfield.^[9] In addition to the standard high score, it also has a separate percentage high score, recording the best ratio of enemy fighters to enemies shot down.^[1]

Development

The game was designed by Yoshiki Okamoto. The game's main goal was to be easily accessible for players. This is why they decided to use a World War II theme. 1942 was also the first Capcom game designed with Western markets in mind. That was why they decided to have the player pilot an American P-38 fighter plane, to appeal to the American market.^[10] The game is loosely based on the Battle of Midway, which was a turning point in the Pacific War when the Americans began defeating the Japanese.^[1]

Ports

The game was released to the MSX, NEC PC-8801, FM-7, and Sharp X1. It was released to the Famicom in 1985 in Japan and North America in 1986. The Famicom version was developed by Micronics.

A Game Boy Color version was also released in North America in May 2000 and the PAL region in the year 2001.

The European games publisher Elite Systems later released versions for the Amstrad CPC, ZX Spectrum, and Commodore 64.

The music of the Commodore 64 version is based on the main verse of Ron Goodwin's 633 Squadron film score,^[11] with arrangement by Mark Cooksey.^[12]

Reception

Aggregate score
Aggregator	Score
Aggregator	Arcade	C64	GBC	iOS	NES
GameRankings			53%^[13]

Review scores
Publication	Score
Publication	Arcade	C64	GBC	iOS	NES
AllGame	^[9]				^[14]
TouchArcade				^[15]
Zzap!64		87%^[16]
Commodore User		9/10^[17]
Computer Gamer	Positive^[1]

In Japan, Game Machine listed 1942 on their January 1, 1985 issue as being the fourth most-popular arcade game for the previous two weeks.^[18] It went on to be Japan's seventh highest-grossing table arcade game during the first half of 1986,^[19] and the overall fifth highest-grossing table arcade game of 1986.^[19]^[20] In the United States, it was one of the top five highest-grossing arcade conversion kits of 1986.^[21] In the United Kingdom, it was the top-grossing arcade game on the Euromax arcade charts for five months in 1987, from July^[22]^[23] through November.^[24]^[25]^[26]

The NES version sold over 1 million copies worldwide.^[27] 1942 was Capcom's breakaway hit, eclipsing in popularity the company's preceding three titles: Vulgus, Sonson, and Pirate Ship Higemaru.

Mike Roberts reviewed the arcade game in the May 1985 issue of British magazine Computer Gamer. While noting the game's scenario was "an odd subject for a Japanese arcade manufacturer" to take up, he said it has "nice" graphics and had an "original" gameplay feature in the form of the percentage high score.^[1] Retrospectively, Brett Alan Weiss of AllGame called it "a fondly remembered" shooter and praising the special roll button, "perfectly balanced" gameplay, "colorfully detailed" graphics, and "nifty" power-ups.^[9]

Legacy

1942 was the first Capcom title to spawn a successful series of sequels, with five titles in the 194X line released from 1987 to 2000. Many of Capcom's other vertical shooters featured very similar gameplay, such as Varth: Operation Thunderstorm.

It was re-released in Capcom Generations 1 for the PlayStation and Saturn consoles. It was featured in the Capcom Classics Collection for the PlayStation 2 and Xbox, as well as Capcom Classics Collection: Reloaded for the PlayStation Portable. The arcade version was added to the Wii Virtual Console in Japan on December 21, 2010, and in the PAL and North American regions in January 2011. It was also re-released for Windows Mobile Professional.

1942: Joint Strike was released for Xbox Live Arcade and PlayStation Network in 2008. 1942: First Strike was released for iOS in 2010.

The game series has sold a total of 1.4 million units worldwide as of December 2019, and stands as Capcom's 18th best-selling franchise.^[28]