Cambodia–Russia relations

Cambodia–Russia relations (Russian: Российско-камбоджийские отношения) are the bilateral relations of Cambodia and Russia. The relations between both countries were strong since the Soviet era. Russia has an embassy in Phnom Penh. Cambodia has an embassy in Moscow. Both countries are full members of the East Asia Summit.^[1]^[2]

History

Diplomatic relations were established on 13 May 1956, one year after Cambodia became a member of the UN In 1962, the USSR built and funded the Institute of Technology of Cambodia. On 3 May 1965, Sihanouk turned to the Soviet Union for economic and military assistance during the Cambodian Civil War.^[3] The Soviet Union then backed the initiatives of Norodom Sihanouk who was one of the founding figures of the Non-Aligned Movement. In 1957, Cambodia and the Soviet Union signed the trade agreements and cultural and scientific cooperation. The Soviet Union condemned Lon Nol’s 1970 Cambodian coup d'état.^[4]

Relations with the Khmer Rouge

The Khmer Rouge classified the USSR as an unfriendly country and in November 1973, the Soviet Ministry of Foreign Affairs withdrew all diplomatic personnel from Democratic Kampuchea. By April 1975, only a few technicians remained in Phnom Penh, who monitored the state of the building and the property of the embassy.

Immediately after the Fall of Phnom Penh, Moscow turned to the new leadership of Democratic Kampuchea with a proposal to restore full-fledged diplomatic relations between the countries. However, the Khmer Rouge refused and placed the Headquarters of the Angkar in the building of the former Soviet embassy.

At the same time, until the end of 1975, Cambodian diplomats from the GRUNK remained in the Cambodian embassy in Moscow. Diplomats of the Khmer Rouge led a secluded life and were mainly engaged in the distribution of propaganda literature. In September 1977, the diplomats of Democratic Kampuchea left Moscow without explanation, leaving the building of the Cambodian embassy unattended.

Relations with the PRK

In early 1979, the diplomatic relations between the countries were re-established. From 1980 through 1990, the Soviet Union provided substantial economic and military aid as well as technical assistance to Cambodia.^[5]

Post-1991 and present day relations

After the collapse of the Soviet Union, the relationships between the two countries were completely strained under Boris Yeltsin. However, as Vladimir Putin rose to power, they were improved as the two countries became members of the East Asia Summit, which helped the two countries improve their trade.^[1]^[2]

Relations since the Russian invasion of Ukraine

Relations between the two began to sour once more in March 2022 after Hun Sen condemned Russia for invading its neighbor, Ukraine and the country voted in favor of an UN resolution.^[6] Cambodia had similarly been occupied by Vietnam, an ally of the Soviet Union, from 1979 to 1989.^[7]

It has been alleged that Cambodia’s foreign ministry wanted to remain strictly neutral and abstain at UN votes, similar to Vietnam and Laos, in the days after Russia invaded Ukraine on February 24 2022, but Hun Sen intervened and ordered his diplomat at the UN to co-sponsor a resolution condemning Moscow.^[8]

High level visits

Russia to Cambodia

Prime Minister Dmitry Medvedev (November 2015)

Cambodia to Russia

King Norodom Sihanouk (March 1970)^[9]^[10]
President Heng Samrin (February 1980)^[11]
Prime Minister Hun Sen (May 2016)

References

^ ^a ^b "Political and Economic Relations". Embassy of the Russian Federation in the Kingdom of Cambodia. Archived from the original on 2009-10-19. Retrieved 2014-09-25. The diplomatic relations with Cambodia were established on 13 May 1956.
^ ^a ^b Phnom Penh (May 12, 2011). "Cambodia-Russia 55th Anniversary of Diplomatic Relations Observed". Agence Kampuchea Presse.
^ Isaacs, Hardy and Brown, p. 83.
^ "An overview of 65 years of Cambodia-Russia relations - Khmer Times". 2021-05-16. Retrieved 2023-05-28.
^ "МГИМО". asean.mgimo.ru. Retrieved 2023-05-28.
^ Dhyani, Anuj (2022-12-09). "Cambodia's Hardstand against Russia". Modern Diplomacy. Retrieved 2023-05-28.
^ "Cambodia PM condemns Russian invasion of Ukraine". Reuters. March 28, 2022 – via www.reuters.com.
^ Hutt, David (27 February 2023). "Ukraine war nudging Cambodia toward the West". Asia Times. Retrieved 19 February 2024.
^ Times, Bernard Gwertzman Special to The New York (1970-03-19). "Sihanouk, Leaving Moscow for Peking, Speaks of a Possible Government in Exile". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2023-05-28.
^ Times, Bernard Gwertzman Special to The New York (1970-03-15). "SIHANOUK MEETS MOSCOW LEADERS". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2023-05-28.
^ "AP". newsroom.ap.org. Retrieved 2023-05-28.