The dual resonance model was based upon the observation that the amplitudes for the s-channel scatterings matched exactly with the amplitudes for the t-channel scatterings among mesons and also the Regge trajectory. It began with the Euler beta function model of Gabriele Veneziano in 1968 for a 4-particle amplitude which has the property that it is explicitly s–t crossing symmetric, exhibits duality between the description in terms of Regge poles or of resonances, and provides a closed-form solution to non-linear finite-energy sum rules relating s- and t- channels.
The study of dual resonance models was a relatively popular subject of study between 1968 and 1973.[5] It was even taught briefly as a graduate level course at MIT, by Sergio Fubini and Veneziano, who co-authored an early article.[6] It fell rapidly out of favor around 1973 when quantum chromodynamics became the main focus of theoretical research[7] (mainly due to the theoretical appeal of its asymptotic freedom).[8]
^Koba, Z.; Nielsen, H.B. (1969). "Reaction amplitude for n-mesons a generalization of the Veneziano-Bardakçi-Ruegg-Virasoro model". Nuclear Physics B. 10 (4). Elsevier BV: 633–655. doi:10.1016/0550-3213(69)90331-9. ISSN0550-3213.
^Nambu, Y. (1970). "Quark model and the factorization of the Veneziano amplitude." In R. Chand (ed.), Symmetries and quark models (pp. 269–277). Singapore: World Scientific.
^Nielsen, H. B. "An almost physical interpretation of the dual N point function." Nordita preprint (1969); unpublished.
^Fubini, S.; Veneziano, G. (1969). "Level structure of dual-resonance models". Il Nuovo Cimento A. 64 (4). Springer Science and Business Media LLC: 811–840. doi:10.1007/bf02758835. ISSN0369-3546. S2CID119009821.