Internal pudendal artery

Internal pudendal artery
Internal pudendal artery
	Internal iliac artery with branches, including internal pudendal artery.
	The superficial branches of the internal pudendal artery.
Details
Source	Internal iliac artery
Branches	Inferior rectal artery and others
Vein	Internal pudendal veins
Supplies	External genitalia, perineum
Identifiers
Latin	arteria pudenda interna
TA98	A12.2.15.038
TA2	4341
FMA	18835
	Anatomical terminology [edit on Wikidata]

The internal pudendal artery is one of the three pudendal arteries. It branches off the internal iliac artery, and provides blood to the external genitalia.

Structure

The internal pudendal artery is the terminal branch of the anterior trunk of the internal iliac artery.^[1] It is smaller in the female than in the male.

Path

It arises from the anterior division of internal iliac artery. It runs on the lateral pelvic wall. It exits the pelvic cavity through the greater sciatic foramen, inferior to the piriformis muscle, to enter the gluteal region.

It then curves around the sacrospinous ligament to enter the perineum through the lesser sciatic foramen.

It travels through the pudendal canal with the internal pudendal veins and the pudendal nerve.

Branches

The internal pudendal artery gives off the following branches:

In females	In males	Description
Inferior rectal artery	Inferior rectal artery	to anal canal
Perineal artery	Perineal artery	supplies transversus perinei superficialis muscle
Posterior labial branches	Posterior scrotal branches	-
Artery of bulb of vestibule	Artery of bulb of penis^[1]	supplies bulb of vestibule/bulb of penis
Dorsal artery of clitoris	Dorsal artery of the penis^[1]	-
Deep artery of clitoris	Deep artery of the penis^[1]	to corpus cavernosum penis/clitoridis

The deep artery of clitoris is a branch of the internal pudendal artery and supplies the clitoral crura. Another branch of the internal pudendal artery is the dorsal artery of clitoris.

Some sources consider the urethral artery a direct branch of the internal pudendal artery,^[2] while others consider it a branch of the perineal artery.^{[citation needed]}

In males, the internal pudendal artery also gives rise to the perforating arteries of the penis.^[1]

Variation

Around 70% of men have an accessory internal pudendal artery.^[1] This usually does not originate from the internal iliac artery, instead originating from the external iliac artery, the obturator artery, or the vesical arteries.^[1]

Function

The internal pudendal artery supplies blood to the external genitalia.

Clinical significance

In women, the internal pudendal artery may be damaged during childbirth.^[3] This may cause a haematoma, which usually resolves without treatment, but may form an infected abscess.^[3]

Additional images

Right hip bone. Internal surface.
Dissection of side wall of pelvis showing sacral and pudendal plexuses.
The deeper branches of the internal pudendal artery.
Diagram of the arteries of the penis.
The penis in transverse section, showing the blood vessels.
Internal pudendal artery. Deep dissection. Lateral view.
Diagram of the arteries of the vulva.

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Keegan, Kirk A.; Penson, David F. (2013-01-01), Creager, Mark A.; Beckman, Joshua A.; Loscalzo, Joseph (eds.), "Chapter 28 - Vasculogenic Erectile Dysfunction", Vascular Medicine: A Companion to Braunwald's Heart Disease (Second Edition), Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders, pp. 341–348, ISBN 978-1-4377-2930-6, retrieved 2021-01-14
^ "Internal pudendal artery" at Dorland's Medical Dictionary
^ ^a ^b Gilbert, Robert O.; Cable, Christina; Fubini, Susan L.; Steiner, Adrian (2017-01-01), Fubini, Susan L.; Ducharme, Norm G. (eds.), "Chapter 16 - Surgery of the Bovine Reproductive System and Urinary Tract", Farm Animal Surgery (Second Edition), W.B. Saunders, pp. 439–503, ISBN 978-0-323-31665-1, retrieved 2021-01-14

External links

Anatomy figure: 41:04-00 at Human Anatomy Online, SUNY Downstate Medical Center - "Inferior view of female perineum, branches of the internal pudendal artery."
Anatomy figure: 41:04-06 at Human Anatomy Online, SUNY Downstate Medical Center - "Inferior view of female perineum, branches of the internal pudendal artery."
Anatomy figure: 42:03-01 at Human Anatomy Online, SUNY Downstate Medical Center - "Branches of internal pudendal artery in the male perineum."
Anatomy figure: 43:07-14 at Human Anatomy Online, SUNY Downstate Medical Center - "Sagittal view of the internal iliac artery and its branches in the female pelvis. "
Anatomy figure: 44:06-00 at Human Anatomy Online, SUNY Downstate Medical Center - "Sagittal view of the internal iliac artery and its branches in the male pelvis. "
Anatomy image:9086 at the SUNY Downstate Medical Center
MedicalMnemonics.com: 2503
pelvis at The Anatomy Lesson by Wesley Norman (Georgetown University) (pelvicarteries)
figures/chapter_32/32-2.HTM: Basic Human Anatomy at Dartmouth Medical School
figures/chapter_32/32-3.HTM: Basic Human Anatomy at Dartmouth Medical School
Diagram at MSU