Jean-Paul Bignon

Jean-Paul Bignon
Jean-Paul Bignon
	Portrait by Gérard Edelinck, 1700
Born	19 September 1662; Paris, France
Died	14 March 1743; Île Belle, France
Nationality	French
Education	Port-Royal Abbey, Paris; Collège d'Harcourt

The Abbé Jean-Paul Bignon, Cong.Orat. (French pronunciation: [ʒɑ̃ pɔl biɲɔ̃]; 19 September 1662, Paris – 14 March 1743, Île Belle) was a French ecclesiastic, statesman, writer and preacher and librarian to Louis XIV of France. His protégé, Joseph Pitton de Tournefort, named the genus Bignonia (Virginia jasmine) after him in 1694.

Biography

Dedication to Bignon in a 1717 copy of volume I of "Œuvres de M. Mariotte," by Edme Mariotte

Born in Paris, Bignon was the grandson of the lawyer and statesman, Jérôme Bignon, and, though older, the nephew of the Count Jérôme Phélypeaux. He did his elementary studies at the school of the famed Abbey of Port Royal in Paris, then studied at the Collège d'Harcourt, following which he entered the Oratory of Paris, and did theological studies at the Seminary of Saint Magloire attached to it.^[1] In 1691 he completed his studies and was ordained to the priesthood. In 1693 he was made commendatory abbot of Saint-Quentin-en-l'Isle and preacher to King Louis; he was also appointed to succeed to Seat 20 in the French Academy.^[2] He was charged by the minister Colbert to head the Bignon Commission, which investigated the feasibility and then began the compilation of a guide to French artistic and industrial processes, published in the following century as the Descriptions of the Arts and Trades.

He organized the bureaux de la librairie and the committee of expert censors in 1699.^[3]

Bignon worked with his uncle to prepare a new set of rules for the Academy, allowing for honorary membership, which were signed by the king in January 1699. The new rules, however, were rejected by its members. The rejection shocked him to such a degree that he refused to attend its meetings thereafter.^[2]

Bignon was a patron of Antoine Galland, the first European translator of One Thousand and One Nights.^[4] He was also the author of Les aventures d'Abdalla, fils d'Hanif (The adventures of Abdalla, son of Hanif), published in 1712–1714, a novel framed as the title character's search for the fountain of youth and composed of "stories of adventure and love" in which "great stress is laid upon the 'horrid,' the grotesque, the fantastic."^[5]

His fame as a preacher is exemplified by two completely different panegyrics he gave on the same day, for the feast day of St. Louis IX.^[2] He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1734.^[6]

Publications

Bignon also contributed to the Médailles du règne de Louis le Grand, Sacre de Louis XV. From 1706 to 1714, he presided over the committee of men of letters who edited the Journal des sçavans, which position he took again in 1724, with the Abbé Pierre Desfontaines.^[2]

References

^ Archives de l’Ancien Régime "Séminaires parisiens"
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Académie francaise "Jean-Paul Bignon"(in French)
^ "Ancien Régime." (1970). The Book Collector 19 no 3 (autumn) 303-316.
^ "Jean-Paul Bignon". Encounters with the Orient in Early Modern European Scholarship. Centre for the History of Arabic Studies in Europe (CHASE) at the Warburg Institute, London. Retrieved 1 March 2019.
^ Conant, Martha Pike (1908), The Oriental Tale in England in the Eighteenth Century, New York: Columbia University Press, pp. 38–41, ISBN 978-0-231-93896-9
^ "Fellow Details". Retrieved 17 January 2017.

Louis Gabriel Michaud. "Jean-Paul Bignon". Biographie universelle ancienne et moderne : histoire par ordre alphabétique de la vie publique et privée de tous les hommes avec la collaboration de plus de 300 savants et littérateurs français ou étrangers (in French) (2 ed.).