Wikipedysta:Kskowron/Programowanie

SDL pod Dev-Cpp

Project -> Project Options -> Parameters -> Linker:

Koniecznie w tej kolejności (inaczej się nie zlinkuje): -lmingw32 -lSDLmain -lSDL Można dodać: -lopengl32 -lglu32"

trzeba jeszcze pamiętać, żeby był dostępny SDL.dll i liby i includy.

UWAGA: main musi mieć nagłówek "int main( int, char*[] )", inaczej się nie zlinkuje.

Init SDL

int main( int argc, char* argv[] )
{
  SDL_Init( SDL_INIT_VIDEO | SDL_INIT_TIMER );
  SDL_GL_SetAttribute( SDL_GL_DOUBLEBUFFER, 1 );
  
  SDL_Surface* screen = SDL_SetVideoMode( 640, 480, 0, SDL_OPENGL );

  SDL_Quit();
  return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}

Init GL


  glClearColor( 0.5,0.5,0.5,0 );
  glViewport( 0, 0, 640, 480 );

  glMatrixMode( GL_PROJECTION );
  glLoadIdentity();
  gluPerspective( 70, 640./480., 1, 100 );
  
  
  glShadeModel( GL_SMOOTH );
  glEnable( GL_DEPTH_TEST );
  glEnable( GL_LIGHTING );
  glEnable( GL_COLOR_MATERIAL );
  glEnable( GL_LIGHT0 );

  glMatrixMode( GL_MODELVIEW );
  glLoadIdentity(); 

  while( true )
  {
    glPushMatrix();
    glTranslatef( 0, 0, -odl );    
    glRotatef( theta, 1, 0, 0 );
    glRotatef( fi, 0, 1, 0 );

    float lightpos[] = { 2, 2, 2, 0 };
    glLightfv( GL_LIGHT0, GL_POSITION, lightpos );
    glColor3f( 1, 0, 0 );

    ...
    
    SDL_GL_SwapBuffers();
  }

SDL Events

  SDL_Event event;
  while( SDL_PollEvent( &event ) )
    switch( event.type )
    {
      case SDL_MOUSEMOTION:
        if( event.motion.state & SDL_BUTTON(1) )
        {
          fi += event.motion.xrel;
          theta += event.motion.yrel;
        }
        if( event.motion.state & SDL_BUTTON(3) )
        {
          odl += event.motion.yrel*0.1;
        }
        break;
      case SDL_KEYDOWN:
      case SDL_QUIT:
        goto quit;
    }

SDL Pixels

  SDL_Init( SDL_INIT_VIDEO );
  screen = SDL_SetVideoMode( 500, 500, 0, 0 );

  SDL_LockSurface( screen );
    ...
  SDL_UnlockSurface( screen );
  SDL_UpdateRect( screen, 0, 0, 0, 0 );

  SDL_Quit();

void PutPixel( int x, int y, Uint32 col = color )
{
  if( x >= 0 && x < screen->w && y >= 0 && y < screen->h )
    ((Uint32*)screen->pixels)[ screen->w * y + x ] = color;
}

void ClearScreen( Uint32 col = color )
{
  SDL_FillRect( screen, NULL, color );
}

void SetColor( double r, double g, double b )
{
  color = SDL_MapRGB( screen->format, (int)(r*255),(int)(g*255),(int)(b*255) );
}

void PutPoint( double x, double y )
{
  int xp = (int)(scale*x*screen->w) + centerx;
  int yp = (int)(scale*(-y)*screen->h) + centery;
  PutPixel( xp, yp );
}

XHTML

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
<head>
  <title>Title</title>
  <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> 

  <script type="text/javascript" src="main.js"></script>
  <script type="text/javascript">
  //<![CDATA[
    
  //]]>
  </script>

  <meta http-equiv="Content-Style-Type" content="text/css" />
  <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://profillengkap.com/pl/style.css" type="text/css" />
</head>
<body>
  <div id="main"></div>
</body>
</html>

CSS

<style type="text/css">
  p { color: red }
</style>

div centered on a page: 

div.centered {
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  right: 0;
  bottom: 0;
  left: 0;
  width: 60%;
  height: 60%;
  margin: auto;
  background-color: red;
  color: white;
}

Text horizontal and vertical centering in a div: 

div.centering {
  width: 60px;
  height: 60px;
  display: table-cell; 
  vertical-align: middle; 
  text-align: center;
  background-color: red;
}

Horizon: 

div.horizon {
  position: relative;
  top: 50%;
  height: 1px;
  width: 100%;
  overflow: visible;
  background-color: blue;
}


Robots

  <meta name="robots" content="noindex, nofollow"/>

JavaScript

Authors should specify the default scripting language for all scripts in a document: 

Content-Script-Type: application/javascript
or
<meta http-equiv="Content-Script-Type" content="application/javascript">

The load event fires at the end of the document loading process. At this point, all of the objects in the document are in the DOM, and all the images and sub-frames have finished loading.

There is also DOMContentLoaded event (which can be handled using addEventListener) which is fired after the DOM for the page has been constructed, but doesn't wait for other resources to finish loading. 

  window.onload = func;

AJAX

function MakeRequest( url, text )
{
  var request = new XMLHttpRequest();
  
  request.onreadystatechange = function() { StateChanged(request); };
  request.open( "POST", url, true );

  //żeby serwer nie odrzucał POSTa
  request.setRequestHeader('Content-Type', 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded');
  //żeby przeglądarka nie zakeszowała
  request.setRequestHeader('Cache-Control', 'no-cache');

  request.send( text );
}


function StateChanged( request )
{
  if( request.readyState == 4 )
  {
    if( request.status == 200 )
      writetext( mainbox, request.responseText );
    else
      writetext( logbox, "request failed: " + request.status + " " + request.statusText + "\n");
  }
}


  MakeRequest( "./example.php", "text="+ encodeURIComponent( input.value + "\n" ) );

PHP

.htaccess

php_value upload_max_filesize 20M
php_value post_max_size 20M
php_value memory_limit 100M
php_value max_execution_time 60
php_value max_input_time 60         //na requesta od klienta (np. upload zdjęcia) w sekundach

Redirect

header("Location: http://skowron.no-ip.org/kuba/");

Mail

http://www.webcheatsheet.com/PHP/send_email_text_html_attachment.php

Terminal

ANSI escape code

np. "\e[10;10H". Specjalne sa tez dla m.in. xterma do wczytywania rozmiaru (rows, cols).

Klawiatura

Wylaczenie echa (zeby nie wypisywal na ekran tego co piszesz na klawiaturze) i trybu kanonicznego (m.in. zeby nie buforowal, czekajac na enter): wyzerowac flagi ECHO i ICANON. 

man termios
tcgetaddr
tcsetaddr

  termios termios_saved,aTermios;

  if( tcgetattr( stdin_fd, &termios_saved ) == -1 )
    perror("get termios");
  aTermios = termios_saved;
  aTermios.c_lflag &= ~(ECHO | ICANON );
//  aTermios.c_iflag &= ~(ISTRIP | INLCR | ICRNL | IGNCR | IXON | IXOFF);
//  aTermios.c_lflag &= ~(ECHO | ISIG | ICANON);
  if( tcsetattr( stdin_fd, TCSANOW, &termios_set) == -1 )
    perror("set termios");

  ...

  if( tcsetattr( stdin_fd, TCSANOW, &termios_saved ) == -1 )
    perror("restore termios");

(do tego moznaby uzyc ioctl z argumentem TCGETS i TCSETSW, ale to jest nie portable, lepiej uzywac tych posiksowych)

Klawiatura RAW

(tylko na fizycznym terminalu, nie przez xterma ani zdalnie) Tryb K_RAW (czyli dostajemy keydowny i keyupy razem ze scan codami klawiszy na wejsciu ). ioctl z argumentem KDGKBMODE wczytuje aktualny stan, a z argumentem KDSKBMODE ustawiamy tryb K_RAW.

Uwaga! koniecznie trzeba przed wyjsciem przywrocic poprzedni stan klawiatury, bo inaczej zablokujesz terminal na twardo. 

man ioctl
man ioctl_list

  long int kbmode_saved,kbmode;
  if( ioctl( stdin_fd, KDGKBMODE, &kbmode_saved ) == -1 )
    perror("get kbmode");
  kbmode = K_RAW;
  if( ioctl( stdin_fd, KDSKBMODE, kbmode ) == -1 )
    perror("set kbmode");

  ...

  if( ioctl( stdin_fd, KDSKBMODE, kbmode_saved ) == -1 )
    perror("restore kbmode");


PDF

for (( a=1; a <= 10; a++ )); do  convert file_$a.png file_$a.ps; done;
psmerge -ofile.ps $( for((a=1; a<=10; a++)); do echo file_$a.ps; done; )

Creating lossless PDF 

ps2pdf -dUseFlateCompression=true -dAutoFilterColorImages=false -dColorImageFilter=/FlateEncode

For grayscale images use "Gray" instead "Color". Więcej http://skowron.no-ip.org/kuba/public/Tworzenie%20dokument%C3%B3w%20pdf%20przy%20pomocy%20LATEX-a.pdf

To be able to finely control the compression of the images: 

cat ABC.ps | gs -sDEVICE=pdfwrite -sOutputFile=ABC.pdf -dAutoFilterColorImages=false -c "<< /ColorImageDict << /QFactor 0.1 /Blend 1 /HSample [1 1 1 1] /VSample [1 1 1 1] >> >> setdistillerparams" -

Adjusting the QFactor away from 0.1 adjusts the quality of compression, but I don't know what range of values it can take (although 0.9 is default)


mencoder

Encoding from multiple input image files 

mencoder mf://@list -o out.avi -ovc copy


convert

convert "file" -geometry '600x600>' "small_file"

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