^ 1.01.1Savory, R. M. and Roger Savory, Introduction to Islamic civilisation, (Cambridge University Press, 1976 ), 82.
^Black, Edwin, Banking on Baghdad: inside Iraq's 7,000-year history of war, profit and conflict, (John Wiley and sons, 2004), 38.
^ 3.03.13.2C.E. Bosworth, "Turkish Expansion towards the west" in UNESCO HISTORY OF HUMANITY, Volume IV, titled "From the Seventh to the Sixteenth Century", UNESCO Publishing / Routledge, p. 391: "While the Arabic language retained its primacy in such spheres as law, theology and science, the culture of the Seljuk court and secular literature within the sultanate became largely Persianized; this is seen in the early adoption of Persian epic names by the Seljuk rulers (Qubād, Kay Khusraw and so on) and in the use of Persian as a literary language (Turkish must have been essentially a vehicle for everyday speech at this time)
^Concise encyclopedia of languages of the world, Ed. Keith Brown, Sarah Ogilvie, (Elsevier Ltd., 2009), 1110;Oghuz Turkic is first represented by Old Anatolian Turkish which was a subordinate written medium until the end of the Seljuk rule.".
^Burids, R. LeTourneau, The Encyclopedia of Islam, Vol. I, ed. H.A.R.Gibb, J.H.Kramers, E. Levi Provencal and J. Schacht, (Brill, 1986), 1332.
^Flood, Finbarr B. A Group of Reused Byzantine Tables as Evidence for Seljuq Architectural Patronage in Damascus 39. 2001.|journal=被忽略 (帮助)
^D.S. Richards, The Chronicle of Ibn Al-Athir for the Crusading Period from Al-Kamil Fi'l-ta-Ta'rikh, (Ashgate Publishing Ltd, 2010), 16.
^Ibn al-Athir, Ibn. The Chronicle of Ibn al-Athir for the Crusading Period from al-Kamil fi'l-Ta'rikh. Parts 1-3. 由Richards, D.S.翻译. Farnham: Ashgate Publishing. 2010. ISBN 978-0754669395.
^The Damascus Chronicle of the Crusades, Extracted and Translated from the Chronicle of Ibn al-Qalanisi. H.A.R.Gibb, 1932 (reprint, Dover Publications, 2002).