普惠JT3D

JT3D/TF33
一架KC-135E上的TF33发动机
类型 渦輪扇發動機
制造商 普惠公司
首次運轉 1958
使用機種

B-52H同溫層堡壘轟炸機
波音707
C-141運輸機
道格拉斯DC-8

運-10
制造数量 約8600
前型 普惠J57/JT3C

普惠JT3D發動機是普惠公司生產的一款早期渦輪風扇發動機,由普惠JT3C渦輪噴氣發動機演化而來。該型號於1958年首次運轉,1959年在一架B-45龍捲風轟炸機英语North American B-45 Tornado試驗機上首次飛行。普惠在1959年至1985年間共生產8000餘台JT3D發動機,大部分現時仍在軍用飛機上使用,這一發動機的軍用版本被稱為TF33

設計及發展

為應對勞斯萊斯康威型渦扇發動機的競爭,普惠決定在JT3C渦噴發動機的基礎上推出JT3D渦扇發動機。供其後交付的波音707和道格拉斯DC-8使用。JT3D發動機在JT3C的基礎上增設了2級風扇,以取代JT3C低壓壓氣機的前三級,這一設計曾在J91渦噴發動機上試驗。低壓渦輪機的第二級直徑增大,且增加了第三級。在波音707上,JT3D的短艙相對較短,DC-8上則裝有完整的風扇導流罩。普惠亦提供了將JT3C改裝為JT3D的維修裝備。[1]

1959年,JT3D在波音707-120B波音720B上投入使用。美國航空訂購了一架使用JT3D渦扇發動機的波音707,荷蘭皇家航空亦訂購了一架使用JT3D發動機的DC-8。早期的波音707大多使用JT3C渦噴發動機,渦扇發動機提升效率的特性吸引了使用這些707的航空公司。1961年3月12日,美國航空一架使用JT3D發動機的707-123B和一架720-023B(後綴B代表該機使用渦扇發動機)投入服務。

波音KC-135空中加油机早期均配備渦噴發動機。隨著多數航空公司將波音707淘汰,美国空军購入這些退役飛機,將它們的JT3D發動機用於KC-135A,這些軍用JT3D發動機型號代碼為TF33-PW-102。超過150架加油機被如此改裝,原有的KC-135A也改為KC-135E型。[2]

1984年,從民用波音707上拆下的JT3D發動機被裝在KC-135A加油機上

在航空公司和空軍服役數十年之後,使用JT3D發動機的飛機逐漸減少。135架KC-135使用JT3D,還有354架使用推力更大、噪音更小的CFM56發動機。JT3D的噪音是北約考慮更換E-3空中預警機發動機的原因之一,該機因為JT3D的噪音受到一些使用現代渦扇發動機的飛機所沒有的限制。更換發動機意味著增大巡航高度,尤其對於雷達偵察工作有利。

使用JT3D發動機的另一軍機就是波音B-52H同溫層堡壘轟炸機。B-52H型是B-52系列唯一使用渦扇發動機的型號,也是美國空軍現時僅有的B-52子型號,預計將服役至2040年及以後。

型號

民用版本(JT3D)

C-141B運輸機上的TF33-P-7發動機
JT3D-1
推力17,000 lbf(75.62 kN)的民用版本(選裝噴水裝置)[3]
JT3D-2(TF33-P-3)
推力17,000 lbf(75.62 kN)[3]
JT3D-3
推力18,000 lbf(80.07 kN)(選裝噴水裝置)[3]
JT3D-3A(TF33-P-5)
推力18,000 lbf(80.07 kN)[3]
JT3D-3B
推力18,000 lbf(80.07 kN)的民用版本
JT3D-5A(TF33-P-7)
推力18,000 lbf(80.07 kN)(選裝噴水裝置)[3]
JT3D-8A(TF33-P-7)
推力18,000 lbf(80.07 kN)(選裝噴水裝置)[3]
JT3D-7
推力19,000 lbf(84.52 kN)的民用版本
JT3D-15
推力22,500 lbf(100.08 kN)的民用版本,計劃用於波音707-820(未投產)

軍用版本(TF33)

B-52同溫層堡壘轟炸機上的TF33-P-3發動機
TF33-P-3
推力17,000 lbf(75.62 kN),用於波音B-52H同溫層堡壘轟炸機[3]
TF33-P-5
推力18,000 lbf(80.07 kN),用於波音KC-135空中加油机[3]
TF33-P-7
推力21,000 lbf(93.41 kN),用於C-141運輸機[3]
TF33-P-11
推力16,000 lbf(71.17 kN),用於B-57轰炸机

應用機型

一架道格拉斯DC-8上使用的JT3D
民用(JT3D)
環球航空波音707-331B上的JT3D發動機
軍用(TF33)

規格(JT3D-1)

概况

  • 类型: 渦輪扇發動機
  • 长度: 約138英寸(3505毫米)(凸緣間)
  • 直径: 扇葉約51.57英寸(1310毫米)
  • 淨重: 單體約4360磅(1978千克)

组件

  • 压缩机 軸流,2級風扇,6級中壓壓氣機,7級高壓壓氣機
  • 燃烧室 筒環形,8個燃燒管
  • 涡轮 軸流,單級高壓渦輪,3級低壓渦輪

性能

  • 最大推力 17,000 lbf (75.6 KN)(起飛);隨噴水恢復部分推力
  • 总压比 約12.5:1;涵道比1.42:1
  • 涡轮前温度: ~1150K(起飛時)
  • 燃料消耗率: 約0.78英磅燃料每英磅推力每小時(22克燃料每千牛頓每秒)(推力4000lbf,航速0.82馬赫,巡航高度35000英尺,標準大氣)
  • 推重比 3.9

規格(TF33-PW-7)

概况

组件

性能

參見

相关开发

类似引擎

參考資料

  1. ^ 《飛航》雜誌 1958年12月19日
  2. ^ Tony Pither, The Boeing 707 720 and C-135, Air-Britain (Historians), 1998, ISBN 0-85130-236-X
  3. ^ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 Taylor, John W.R. FRHistS. ARAeS. Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1962-63. London: Sampson, Low, Marston & Co Ltd. 1962. 

參考文獻

  • Taylor, John W.R. FRHistS. ARAeS. Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1962-63. London: Sampson, Low, Marston & Co Ltd. 1962. 

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