1938 in poetry

	… 1928; 1929; 1930; 1931; 1932; 1933; 1934; ; 1935; 1936; 1937; 1938; 1939; 1940; 1941; ; 1942; 1943; 1944; 1945; 1946; 1947; 1948 …;
	In literature 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1940 1941
	Art; Archaeology; Architecture; Literature; Music; Philosophy; Science; +...

Nationality words link to articles with information on the nation's poetry or literature (for instance, Irish or France).

Events

In Nazi Germany the Reichsschrifttumskammer (the National Socialist authors' association) bans German expressionist poet Gottfried Benn from further writing.
The Arbujad ("Soothsayers") group of Estonian poets forms.

Works published in English

Australia

Rex Ingamells and Ian Tilbrook, Conditional Culture, published in Adelaide; a manifesto advocating a "fundamental break ... with the spirit of English culture" to free Australian art from "alien influences" and paying more attention to Aboriginal culture as well as the use of "only such imagery as is truly Australian"; the word "Jindyworobak", which they understood to be an Aboriginal term meaning 'to annex' or 'to join', they proposed as a symbol of the reorientation; the Jindyworobak Movement resulted in at least 44 volumes of poetry and literary comment in addition to periodicals from this year through 1953; criticism^[1]
Rex Ingamells:
- Sun-freedom, Adelaide^[1]
- Editor, Jindyworobak Anthology, Adelaide^[1]
Shaw Neilson, Beauty Imposes: Some Recent Verse, Angus & Robertson

Canada

Kenneth Leslie, By Stubborn Stars. Toronto: Ryerson.^[2] Governor-General's Award 1938.^[3]
L. A. MacKay, Viper's Bugloss.^[3]
Virna Sheard, Leaves in the Wind.^[3]
Arthur Stringer, The Old Woman Remembers and Other Irish Poems. Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill.

India, in English

Joseph Furtado, Songs in Exile ( Poetry in English ), Bombay: self-published^[4]
Cyril Modak, editor, The Indian Gateway to Poetry ( Poetry in English ), Calcutta: Longmans, Green; anthology^[5]
K. S. R. Sastry, The Light of Life ( Poetry in English )^[6]

United Kingdom

Elizabeth Daryush, Verses: Sixth Book^[7]
Cecil Day-Lewis, Overtures to Death, and Other Poems^[7]
Walter de la Mare, Memory, and Other Poems^[7]
David Gascoyne, Holderlin's Madness^[7]
Stella Gibbons, The Lowland Venus, and Other Poems^[7]
Oliver St. John Gogarty, Others to Adorn, preface by W. B. Yeats^[7]
Poems of Today, British poetry anthology, third series
Robert Graves, Collected Poems^[7]
Louis MacNeice:
- The Earth Compels^[7]
- I Crossed the Minch, prose, with verse^[7]
Stevie Smith, Tender Only to One^[7]
Charles Williams, Taliessen Through Logres^[7]
W. B. Yeats, New Poems, including "Lapis Lazuli", Irish poet published in the United Kingdom

United States

Cleanth Brooks and Robert Penn Warren, editors, Understanding Poetry, criticism and anthology, (appearing thereafter in revised editions to 1976)
E. E. Cummings, Collected Poems^[8]
Donald Davidson, Lee in the Mountains^[8]
Kenneth Fearing, Dead Reckoning^[8]
John Gould Fletcher, Selected Poems^[8]
Archibald MacLeish, Land of the Free^[8]
Ogden Nash, I'm a Stranger Here Myself^[8]
Ezra Pound, Guide to Kulchur, dedicated "To Louis Zukofsky and Basil Bunting strugglers in the desert"
Frederic Prokosch, The Carnival^[8]
Laura Riding, Collected Poems^[9]
Muriel Rukeyser, U.S. 1^[8]
Delmore Schwartz, In Dreams Begin Responsibilities^[8]
E. B. White, The Fox of Peapack^[8]
William Carlos Williams, The Complete Collected Poems of William Carlos Williams, 1906-1938, New Directions^[9]

Other in English

Austin Clarke, Night and Morning, Irish poet published in Ireland
A. R. D. Fairburn, Dominion, New Zealand poet
Robin Hyde, New Zealand:
- Nor the Years Condemn
- The Godwits Fly
Ewart Milne, Forty North Fifty West, Irish poet published in Ireland
W. B. Yeats, New Poems, including "Lapis Lazuli", Irish poet published in the United Kingdom

Works published in other languages

France

Paul Éluard, pen name of Paul-Eugène Grindel, Cours naturel^[10]
Pierre Emmanuel, pen name of Noël Mathieu, Christ au tombeau, the author's first poem^[11]
Luc Estang, Au-delà de moi-même^[11]
Pierre Jean Jouve, Kyrie^[10]
Jules Supervielle, La Fable du monde^[10]

Indian subcontinent

Including all of the British colonies that later became India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka and Nepal. Listed alphabetically by first name, regardless of surname:

Ajit Kumar Datta, Patal Kanya, Bengali^[12]
Bharatidasan, Paratitacan Kavitakal, Tamil^[12]
Daya Singh Arif, Zindagi Bilas, a long poem, Punjabi^[12]
Sir Muhammad Iqbal, Armaghan-i-Hijaz ("Gift from Hijaz"), philosophical poetry book in Persian
Rabindranath Tagore, Prantik, Bengali^[12]
Ramnarayan Vishvanath Pathak, Gujarati:
- Sesnan Kavyo, 73 Gujarati poems, including sonnets, bhajans and muktaks^[12]
- Arvacin Kavyasahityanan Vaheno, five lectures on modern Gujarati poetry^[12]
Rayaprolu Subba Rao, Ramyalokam, this verse work in Telugu "is accepted as the manifesto of bhava kavita (romantic poetry)", according to academic Siser Kumar Das^[12]
Sacchidananda Rout Roy, Baji Raut ("The Boatman Boy"), Indian, Oriya-language^[12]
Sumitranandan Pant, Yugvani, Hindi^[12]
Ubaidullah Mahshar and Ashfaq Husain Khan Gaurakhpuri, Yadgar-i Mahshar, Urdu^[12]
Mehr Lal Soni Zia Fatehabadi, Zia Ke Sau Sher (A Hundred Verses of Zia) - Collection of quotes published by Gajender Lal Soni, Mohan Building, near Lloyd's Bank, Delhi in 1938.Urdu

Other languages

Nathan Alterman, Stars Outside, Israel
Nikos Kazantzakis, The Odyssey: A Modern Sequel, Greek
Kersti Merilaas, Maantee tuuled, Estonia
Gabriela Mistral, Tala ("Harvesting"^[13]), Buenos Aires: Sur;^[14] Chilean poet published in Argentina
María Pemán, Poema de la bestia y el angel ("Poem of the Beast and the Angel"); Spain^[15]
Emil Staiger, Die Zeit als Einbildungskraft des Dichters, Germany (scholarship)^[16]
Tin Ujević, Skalpel kaosa ("Scalpel of Chaos"), Croatian
Xavier Villaurrutia, Nostalgia de la muerte, Mexico

Awards and honors

Hawthornden Prize: David Jones for In Parenthesis
Newdigate Prize: Michael Thwaites
Pulitzer Prize for Poetry: Marya Zaturenska: Cold Morning Sky
Governor General's Award, poetry or drama: By Stubborn Stars, Kenneth Leslie^[17]
Rugby School poetry prize: John Gillespie Magee, Jr.

Births

Death years link to the corresponding "[year] in poetry" article:

January 13 – Nabaneeta Dev Sen (died 2019), Bengali writer and poet
January 21 – Julia Fields, African American
February 13 – Frances Horovitz (died 1983), English poet, broadcaster and performer of poetry
February 18 – Elke Erb, German^[18]
February 22
- Ishmael Reed, American poet, essayist and novelist
- George Thaniel (died 1991), Greek poet and classical scholar working in Canada
March 18 – Michael S. Harper (died 2016), African American
March 24 – Ian Hamilton (died 2001), English literary critic, reviewer, biographer, poet, magazine editor and publisher
April 18 – Jwalamukhi జ్వాలాముఖీ, pen name of Veeravalli Raghavacharyulu (died 2008), Indian, Telugu-language poet, novelist, writer and political activist
May 9 – Charles Simic, American
May 11 – Joan Margarit (died 2021), Catalan Spanish poet and architect^[19]
May 25 – Raymond Carver (died 1988), American short-story writer and poet
June 1 – Khawar Rizvi (died 1981), Pakistani poet, scholar
June 13 – John Newlove (died 2003), Canadian
July 19
- Dom Moraes (died 2004), Indian writer, poet and columnist
- Tom Raworth (died 2017), English poet and visual artist; influential figure in the British Poetry Revival movement
August 10 – Momoko Kuroda, 黒田杏子, Japanese haiku poet and essayist
August 21 – Peter Dale, English poet and translator
August ? – Deena Linett, American
September 2 – Carlo Bordini (died 2020), Italian
September 16 – Betty Adcock, American
September 17 – H. H. ter Balkt (died 2015), Dutch
September 19 – Keorapetse Kgositsile (died 2018), South African
September 22 – Tajal Bewas, pen name of Taj Mohammed Samoo (died 2008), bucolic Sufi poet, novelist, short-story writer, teacher and Pakistani government official^[20]
October 9 – Gwendoline Konie (died 2009), Zambian poet and politician
October 13 – Askia M. Touré, African American
October 17 – Les Murray (died 2019), Australian
October 23 – R. F. Langley (died 2011), English
November 7 – LeRoy Clarke (died 2021), Trinidadian poet and visual artist
November 12 – Belal Chowdhury (died 2018), Bangladeshi
Also:
- Brendan Galvin, American
- Alan Jackson, English-born Scottish
- Robert Phillips, American poet and academic
- Sansei Yamao (died 2001), Japanese poet and friend of American poet Gary Snyder

Deaths

Birth years link to the corresponding "[year] in poetry" article:

March 1 – Gabriele D'Annunzio (born 1863), Italian poet, writer, novelist, dramatist, soldier, political figure and daredevil
March 10 – Angiolo Silvio Novaro (born 1866), Italian poet and children's writer
March 31 – Willem Kloos (born 1859), Dutch poet and critic
April 15 – César Vallejo (born 1892), Peruvian poet
April 19 – Sir Henry Newbolt (born 1862), English author and poet
April 21 – Sir Muhammad Iqbal (aka "Allama Iqbal" [Urdu] and "Iqbal-e-Lahori" [Persian]; born 1877), Indian Muslim poet, philosopher and politician, writing in Persian and Urdu, praised as Muffakir-e-Pakistan ("The Thinker of Pakistan"), Shair-i-Mashriq ("The Poet of the East") and Hakeem-ul-Ummat ("The Sage of Ummah"); his birthday is annually commemorated in Pakistan as "Iqbal Day", a national holiday
June 9 – Ovid Densusianu (aka "Ervin"; born 1873), Romanian poet, philologist, linguist, folklorist, literary historian, critic, academic and journalist
June 26 – James Weldon Johnson (born 1871), African-American author, poet, early civil rights activist and prominent figure in the Harlem Renaissance, best known for his writing, including novels, poems and collections of folklore
August 4 – Rudolf G. Binding (born 1867), German poet
August 26 – Millosh Gjergj Nikolla ("Migjeni"; born 1911), Albanian poet and writer
October 5 – Chieko Takamura (born 1886), Japanese (surname: Takamura)
October 27 – Lascelles Abercrombie (born 1881), British poet and literary critic, one of the "Dymock poets"
December 7 – Osip Mandelstam (born 1891), Russian poet, essayist and one of the foremost members of the Acmeist school of poets

Notes

^ ^a ^b ^c "Ingamells, Reginald Charles (Rex) (1913 - 1955)", article, Australian Dictionary of Biography online edition, retrieved May 12, 2009. 2009-05-14.
^ Burris Devanney, Sandra Campbell and Domenico Di Nardo. "Kenneth Leslie: A Preliminary Bibliography Archived 2012-04-02 at the Wayback Machine." Canadian Poetry: Studies/Documents/Reviews No.05 (Fall/Winter 1979), UWO, Web, Apr. 15, 2011.
^ ^a ^b ^c Gustafson, Ralph, The Penguin Book of Canadian Verse, revised edition, 1967, Baltimore, Maryland: Penguin Books
^ Naik, M. K., Perspectives on Indian poetry in English, p. 230, (published by Abhinav Publications, 1984, ISBN 978-0-391-03286-6), retrieved via Google Books, June 12, 2009
^ Joshi, Irene, compiler, "Poetry Anthologies" Archived 2009-08-30 at the Wayback Machine, "Poetry Anthologies" section, "University Libraries, University of Washington" website, "Last updated May 8, 1998", retrieved June 16, 2009
^ Vinayak Krishna Gokak, The Golden Treasury Of Indo-Anglian Poetry (1828-1965), p 314, New Delhi: Sahitya Akademi (1970, first edition; 2006 reprint), ISBN 81-260-1196-3, retrieved August 6, 2010
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k Cox, Michael, editor, The Concise Oxford Chronology of English Literature, Oxford University Press, 2004, ISBN 0-19-860634-6
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j Ludwig, Richard M., and Clifford A. Nault, Jr., Annals of American Literature: 1602–1983, 1986, New York: Oxford University Press
^ ^a ^b Richard Ellmann and Robert O'Clair, editors, The Norton Anthology of Modern Poetry, W. W. Norton & Company, 1973, ISBN 0-393-09357-3
^ ^a ^b ^c Auster, Paul, editor, The Random House Book of Twentieth-Century French Poetry: with Translations by American and British Poets, New York: Random House, 1982 ISBN 0-394-52197-8
^ ^a ^b Bree, Germaine, Twentieth-Century French Literature, translated by Louise Guiney, Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1983
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j Das, Sisir Kumar, "A Chronology of Literary Events / 1911–1956", in Das, Sisir Kumar and various, History of Indian Literature: 1911-1956: struggle for freedom: triumph and tragedy, Volume 2, 1995, published by Sahitya Akademi, ISBN 978-81-7201-798-9, retrieved via Google Books on December 23, 2008
^ Tapscott, Stephen, editor, Twentieth-Century Latin American Poetry: A Bilingual Anthology, p 79, Austin: University of Texas Press, 1996 (2003, fifth paperback printing), ISBN 0-292-78140-7, retrieved via Google Books on September 22, 2010
^ Web page titled "The Nobel Prize in Literature 1945/Gabriela Mistral/Bibliography", Nobel Prize website, retrieved September 22, 2010
^ Debicki, Andrew P., Spanish Poetry of the Twentieth Century: Modernity and Beyond, p 43, University Press of Kentucky, 1995, ISBN 978-0-8131-0835-3, retrieved via Google Books, November 21, 2009
^ Preminger, Alex and T.V.F. Brogan, et al., editors, The Princeton Encyclopedia of Poetry and Poetics, 1993, Princeton University Press and MJF Books, "German Poetry" article, "Criticism in German" section, p 474
^ "Cumulative List of Winners of the Governor General's Literary Awards Archived 2011-05-14 at the Wayback Machine", Canada Council. Web, Feb. 10, 2011.
^ Hofmann, Michael, editor, Twentieth-Century German Poetry: An Anthology, Macmillan/Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2006
^ "Joan Margarit gana el premio Nacional de Poesía". El País. Madrird. 2008-10-07.
^ Khaskheli, Jan (2008-12-14). "Tajal Bewas passes away". The News. Karachi, Pakistan. 151776. Retrieved 2008-12-14.^{[permanent dead link]}

[riadb-1] "Ingamells, Reginald Charles (Rex) (1913 - 1955)", article, Australian Dictionary of Biography online edition, retrieved May 12, 2009. 2009-05-14.

[bibliography-2] Burris Devanney, Sandra Campbell and Domenico Di Nardo. "Kenneth Leslie: A Preliminary Bibliography Archived 2012-04-02 at the Wayback Machine." Canadian Poetry: Studies/Documents/Reviews No.05 (Fall/Winter 1979), UWO, Web, Apr. 15, 2011.

[pbcv-3] Gustafson, Ralph, The Penguin Book of Canadian Verse, revised edition, 1967, Baltimore, Maryland: Penguin Books

[mnkpipe-4] Naik, M. K., Perspectives on Indian poetry in English, p. 230, (published by Abhinav Publications, 1984, ISBN 978-0-391-03286-6), retrieved via Google Books, June 12, 2009

[pauluw-5] Joshi, Irene, compiler, "Poetry Anthologies" Archived 2009-08-30 at the Wayback Machine, "Poetry Anthologies" section, "University Libraries, University of Washington" website, "Last updated May 8, 1998", retrieved June 16, 2009

[6] Vinayak Krishna Gokak, The Golden Treasury Of Indo-Anglian Poetry (1828-1965), p 314, New Delhi: Sahitya Akademi (1970, first edition; 2006 reprint), ISBN 81-260-1196-3, retrieved August 6, 2010

[cocel-7] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k Cox, Michael, editor, The Concise Oxford Chronology of English Literature, Oxford University Press, 2004, ISBN 0-19-860634-6

[rmlaal-8] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j Ludwig, Richard M., and Clifford A. Nault, Jr., Annals of American Literature: 1602–1983, 1986, New York: Oxford University Press

[renamp73-9] Richard Ellmann and Robert O'Clair, editors, The Norton Anthology of Modern Poetry, W. W. Norton & Company, 1973, ISBN 0-393-09357-3

[pa20cfv-10] Auster, Paul, editor, The Random House Book of Twentieth-Century French Poetry: with Translations by American and British Poets, New York: Random House, 1982 ISBN 0-394-52197-8

[gbtcfl-11] Bree, Germaine, Twentieth-Century French Literature, translated by Louise Guiney, Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1983

[skdhil-12] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j Das, Sisir Kumar, "A Chronology of Literary Events / 1911–1956", in Das, Sisir Kumar and various, History of Indian Literature: 1911-1956: struggle for freedom: triumph and tragedy, Volume 2, 1995, published by Sahitya Akademi, ISBN 978-81-7201-798-9, retrieved via Google Books on December 23, 2008

[tclap-13] Tapscott, Stephen, editor, Twentieth-Century Latin American Poetry: A Bilingual Anthology, p 79, Austin: University of Texas Press, 1996 (2003, fifth paperback printing), ISBN 0-292-78140-7, retrieved via Google Books on September 22, 2010

[gmnpl-14] Web page titled "The Nobel Prize in Literature 1945/Gabriela Mistral/Bibliography", Nobel Prize website, retrieved September 22, 2010

[apdsp20c-15] Debicki, Andrew P., Spanish Poetry of the Twentieth Century: Modernity and Beyond, p 43, University Press of Kentucky, 1995, ISBN 978-0-8131-0835-3, retrieved via Google Books, November 21, 2009

[aptbpe-16] Preminger, Alex and T.V.F. Brogan, et al., editors, The Princeton Encyclopedia of Poetry and Poetics, 1993, Princeton University Press and MJF Books, "German Poetry" article, "Criticism in German" section, p 474

[17] "Cumulative List of Winners of the Governor General's Literary Awards Archived 2011-05-14 at the Wayback Machine", Canada Council. Web, Feb. 10, 2011.

[18] Hofmann, Michael, editor, Twentieth-Century German Poetry: An Anthology, Macmillan/Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2006

[19] "Joan Margarit gana el premio Nacional de Poesía". El País. Madrird. 2008-10-07.

[jktb-20] Khaskheli, Jan (2008-12-14). "Tajal Bewas passes away". The News. Karachi, Pakistan. 151776. Retrieved 2008-12-14.^{[permanent dead link]}

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1938 in poetry

Events

Works published in English

Australia

Canada

India, in English

United Kingdom

United States

Other in English

Works published in other languages

France

Indian subcontinent

Other languages

Awards and honors

Births

Deaths

See also

Notes

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