Jõhvi

Jõhvi
Jõhvi
Town
	Jõhvi Location in Estonia
	Coordinates: 59°21′27″N 27°25′37″E / 59.35750°N 27.42694°E
Country	Estonia
County	Ida-Viru County
Municipality	Jõhvi Parish
First historical record	1241
Town rights	1 May 1938
Area
• Total	7.62 km2 (2.94 sq mi)
Population (31.12.2021)
• Total	10,482
• Rank	13th
• Density	1,400/km2 (3,600/sq mi)
Ethnicity (2021)
• Estonians	34.7%
• Russians	55.3%
• other	10%
Time zone	UTC+2 (EET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+3 (EEST)
Postal code	41501-41599

Jõhvi (German: Jewe) is a town in northeastern Estonia, and the administrative seat of Ida-Viru County and Jõhvi Parish. The town is located about 50 km west of the Estonia–Russia international border.

History

Jõhvi was first mentioned as a village in 1241 in Liber Census Daniae when it was ruled by Denmark. Historical names of Jõhvi were Gewi and Jewe. In the 13th century a church was built there, and Jõhvi became the centre of the local church parish.

On 1 May 1938, the government of Estonia upgraded the official status of Jõhvi from a borough to that of an independent town. During the period of Soviet administration (1944–1991), Jõhvi was administratively not a town, but a district of the city of Kohtla-Järve. In 2005, the town of Jõhvi was united with the parish of Jõhvi.

Demographics

During the period when Estonia was occupied by the Soviet Union, a significant influx of workers from other parts of the Soviet Union was initiated to support the expanding city of Kohtla-Järve, including the then district of Jõhvi. This influx resulted in Estonians becoming a minority in the area. ^[2]^[3]

Ethnic composition 1922-1959, 2000-2021
Ethnicity	1922^[4]		1934^[5]		1941^[6]		1959^[7]		2000^[8]		2011^[9]		2021^[1]
Ethnicity	amount	%	amount	%	amount	%	amount	%	amount	%	amount	%	amount	%
Estonians	1472	90.9	1874	91.7	1822	89.8	3838	36.5	4022	33.2	3718	34.5	3635	34.7
Russians	106	6.54	124	6.07	85	4.19	-	-	6482	53.5	6004	55.7	5797	55.3
Ukrainians	-	-	1	0.05	-	-	-	-	395	3.26	289	2.68	285	2.72
Belarusians	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	543	4.48	344	3.19	279	2.66
Finns	-	-	2	0.10	104	5.13	-	-	240	1.98	135	1.25	118	1.13
Jews	4	0.25	8	0.39	0	0.00	-	-	23	0.19	17	0.16	13	0.12
Latvians	-	-	4	0.20	4	0.20	-	-	39	0.32	21	0.19	32	0.31
Germans	15	0.93	14	0.69	-	-	-	-	34	0.28	16	0.15	24	0.23
Tatars	-	-	8	0.39	-	-	-	-	29	0.24	30	0.28	34	0.32
Poles	-	-	2	0.10	0	0.00	-	-	51	0.42	33	0.31	32	0.31
Lithuanians	-	-	0	0.00	1	0.05	-	-	39	0.32	27	0.25	28	0.27
unknown	1	0.06	2	0.10	3	0.15	0	0.00	122	1.01	17	0.16	39	0.37
other	22	1.36	4	0.20	9	0.44	6664	63.5	93	0.77	124	1.15	166	1.58
Total	1620	100	2043	100	2028	100	10502	100	12112	100	10775	100	10482	100

Climate

Climate data for Jõhvi (normals 1991–2020, extremes 1926–present)
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Record high °C (°F)	8.9 (48.0)	10.6 (51.1)	17.2 (63.0)	26.0 (78.8)	32.1 (89.8)	33.1 (91.6)	33.7 (92.7)	34.6 (94.3)	28.1 (82.6)	19.7 (67.5)	13.6 (56.5)	10.9 (51.6)	34.6 (94.3)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)	−2.3 (27.9)	−2.4 (27.7)	1.9 (35.4)	9.5 (49.1)	15.8 (60.4)	19.6 (67.3)	22.4 (72.3)	21.0 (69.8)	15.7 (60.3)	8.5 (47.3)	2.7 (36.9)	−0.5 (31.1)	9.3 (48.7)
Daily mean °C (°F)	−4.6 (23.7)	−5.2 (22.6)	−1.7 (28.9)	4.5 (40.1)	10.3 (50.5)	14.6 (58.3)	17.4 (63.3)	15.9 (60.6)	11.2 (52.2)	5.5 (41.9)	0.6 (33.1)	−2.5 (27.5)	5.5 (41.9)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)	−7.5 (18.5)	−8.5 (16.7)	−5.5 (22.1)	−0.1 (31.8)	4.3 (39.7)	9.1 (48.4)	11.9 (53.4)	10.9 (51.6)	7.0 (44.6)	2.4 (36.3)	−1.7 (28.9)	−5 (23)	1.4 (34.5)
Record low °C (°F)	−34.5 (−30.1)	−36 (−33)	−28.4 (−19.1)	−18 (0)	−6.5 (20.3)	−2.5 (27.5)	1.7 (35.1)	−0.6 (30.9)	−4.2 (24.4)	−15.7 (3.7)	−25.9 (−14.6)	−41 (−42)	−41 (−42)
Average precipitation mm (inches)	45 (1.8)	34 (1.3)	36 (1.4)	34 (1.3)	50 (2.0)	84 (3.3)	77 (3.0)	93 (3.7)	67 (2.6)	84 (3.3)	64 (2.5)	49 (1.9)	717 (28.2)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm)	12	9	9	8	7	10	11	12	13	14	14	14	132
Average relative humidity (%)	90	88	80	72	68	73	76	80	84	87	90	91	82
Source: Estonian Weather Service (precipitation days, 1971–2000)^[10]^[11]^[12]^[13]^[14]