HMS Ophelia

History
United Kingdom
Name	HMS Ophelia
Namesake	Ophelia
Builder	William Doxford & Sons
Launched	13 October 1915
Fate	Sold to the Slough Trading Company, 11 November 1921
General characteristics
Class and type	Admiralty M-class destroyer
Displacement	971 long tons (987 t)
Length	273 ft 4 in (83.31 m) o/a
Beam	26 ft 8 in (8.13 m)
Draught	9 ft 8 in (2.95 m)
Installed power	25,000 shp (19,000 kW); 4 × Yarrow boilers;
Propulsion	3 Shafts; 3 steam turbines
Speed	34 knots (63 km/h; 39 mph)
Range	2,100 nmi (3,900 km; 2,400 mi) at 15 knots (28 km/h; 17 mph)
Complement	76
Armament	3 × QF 4-inch (102 mm) Mark IV guns; 2 × QF 1.5-pounder (37 mm) or QF 2-pounder (40 mm) "pom-pom" anti-aircraft guns; 2 × twin 21-inch (533 mm) torpedo tubes;

HMS Ophelia was an Admiralty M-class destroyer built for the Royal Navy during the First World War, entering service in 1916. The ship served at the Battle of Jutland on 31 May/1 June 1916, and sank a German submarine in 1918. She was sold for scrap in 1921.

Description

The Admiralty M class were improved and faster versions of the preceding Laforey-class destroyers.^[1] They displaced 971 long tons (987 t). The ships had an overall length of 273 feet 4 inches (83.3 m), a beam of 26 feet 8 inches (8.1 m) and a draught of 9 feet 8 inches (2.9 m). They were powered by three Parsons direct-drive steam turbines, each driving one propeller shaft, using steam provided by four Yarrow boilers. The turbines developed a total of 25,000 shaft horsepower (19,000 kW) and gave a maximum speed of 34 knots (63 km/h; 39 mph). The ships carried a maximum of 237 long tons (241 t) of fuel oil that gave them a range of 2,100 nautical miles (3,900 km; 2,400 mi) at 15 knots (28 km/h; 17 mph). The ships' complement was 76 officers and ratings.^[2]

The ships were armed with three single QF 4-inch (102 mm) Mark IV guns and two QF 1.5-pounder (37 mm) anti-aircraft guns. These latter guns were later replaced by a pair of QF 2-pounder (40 mm) "pom-pom" anti-aircraft guns. The ships were also fitted with two above water twin mounts for 21-inch (533 mm) torpedoes.^[2]

Construction and service

Ophelia was ordered under the Third War Programme in November 1914 and laid down on 1 February 1915 by William Doxford & Sons at their shipyard in Sunderland. The ship was launched on 13 October and completed in May 1916.^[3]

Ophelia was attached to the 4th Destroyer Flotilla, part of the Grand Fleet during the Battle of Jutland on 31 May/1 June 1916.^[4]^[5] Ophelia was one of four destroyers of the 4th Flotilla (the others were Shark, Acasta and Christopher) that formed a screen for the 3rd Battlecruiser Squadron.^[6] The four destroyers engaged German ships which were carrying out a torpedo attack on the 3rd Battlecruiser Squadron. Ophelia fired one torpedo that missed its target, but was undamaged.^[7]

After Jutland, Ophelia joined the newly established 14th Destroyer Flotilla, also part of the Grand Fleet.^[8] On 10 September 1918, Ophelia was on patrol, with a Kite balloon deployed, when the observer in the balloon spotted the conning tower of a submarine. The submarine dived, but Ophelia dropped depth charges on the site of the submarine's submergence, which were rewarded by a large underwater explosion and a large oil slick. Ophelia had sunk the German submarine UB-83.^[9]

By the end of the war, Ophelia had transferred to the 3rd Destroyer Flotilla.^[10]^[11] She was sold for breaking up to the Slough Trading Company on 11 November 1921.^[12]

Pennant numbers

Pennant Number^[12]	Date
G03	May 1916
G57	January 1917
G58	January 1918
GA9	November 1918

Notes

^ Gardiner & Gray, p. 76
^ ^a ^b Friedman, p. 298
^ Friedman, p. 309
^ Campbell, p. 23.
^ Jellicoe Despatches, p. 34.
^ Campbell, p. 36.
^ Campbell, pp. 113–114, 151, 161.
^ "Supplement to the Navy List Showing Organisation of the Fleet, Flag Officers' Commands &c.: I — The Grand Fleet: Destroyer Flotillas of the Grand Fleet". The Navy List: 12. June 1915.
^ Grant, pp. 103–104.
^ "Supplement to the Navy List Showing Organisation of the Fleet, Flag Officers' Commands &c.: I — The Grand Fleet: Destroyer Flotillas of the Grand Fleet". The Navy List: 12. December 1918.
^ "Ships of the Royal Navy - Location/Action Date, 1914–1918: Part 2 - Admiralty "Pink Lists", 11 November 1918". Naval-History.net. Retrieved 17 October 2015.
^ ^a ^b Dittmar and Colledge, p. 66.

Bibliography

Campbell, John (1998). Jutland: An Analysis of the Fighting. London: Conway Maritime Press. ISBN 0-85177-750-3.
Colledge, J. J.; Warlow, Ben (2006) [1969]. Ships of the Royal Navy: The Complete Record of all Fighting Ships of the Royal Navy (Rev. ed.). London: Chatham Publishing. ISBN 978-1-86176-281-8.
Dittmar, F.J. & Colledge, J.J. (1972). British Warships 1914–1919. Shepperton, UK: Ian Allan. ISBN 0-7110-0380-7.
Friedman, Norman (2009). British Destroyers: From Earliest Days to the Second World War. Barnsley, UK: Seaforth Publishing. ISBN 978-1-84832-049-9.
Gardiner, Robert & Gray, Randal (1985). Conway's All The World's Fighting Ships 1906–1921. London: Conway Maritime Press. ISBN 0-85177-245-5.
Grant, Robert M. (1964). U-Boats Destroyed: The Effects of Anti-Submarine Warfare 1914–1918. London: Putnam. OCLC 878496783.
Jellicoe, John (1920). Battle of Jutland: 30th May to 1st June 1916: Official Despatches with Appendices. London: His Majesty's Stationery Office.
March, Edgar J. (1966). British Destroyers: A History of Development, 1892–1953; Drawn by Admiralty Permission From Official Records & Returns, Ships' Covers & Building Plans. London: Seeley Service. OCLC 164893555.