Marbled frogmouth

Marbled frogmouth
	Subspecies marmoratus pair
Conservation status
	; Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Aves
Clade:	Strisores
Order:	Podargiformes
Family:	Podargidae
Genus:	Podargus
Species:	P. ocellatus
Binomial name
	Podargus ocellatus; Quoy & Gaimard, 1832

The marbled frogmouth (Podargus ocellatus) is a bird in the family Podargidae. The species was first described by Jean René Constant Quoy and Joseph Paul Gaimard in 1830. It is found in the Aru Islands, New Guinea and Queensland. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest and subtropical or tropical moist montane forest.

Taxonomy

There are five subspecies recognised; the nominate ocellatus is found in New Guinea and surrounding islands. Two subspecies are found on islands of Papua New Guinea; intermedius is found on Trobriand Islands and D'Entrecasteaux Islands, meeki is endemic to Tagula Island. Australia has two subspecies; marmoratus is found on Cape York Peninsula, plumiferus (known locally as the plumed frogmouth) is found in south-east Queensland.^[2]^[3]

Rigidipenna inexpectatus, endemic to four islands in the Solomon Islands, was formerly considered a subspecies. It was split into its own genus, Rigidipenna, in 2007.^[4]

Distribution and habitat

The Conondale ranges in Queensland's Sunshine Coast is considered a stronghold for the plumed frogmouth; notable populations are within the Conondale National Park. The species is rare and is listed as vulnerable in Queensland and occurs in subtropical rainforest and vineforest at altitudes from 50–800 m.^[5] The species roosts in the canopy of and is considered cryptic and extremely hard to find or study. Current populations are threatened by land clearing, inappropriate fire regimes and timber harvesting with future impacts of climate change posing additional risks.^[6] There have been estimates of the current pairs in the Conondale ranges being around 800 pairs with the current range of the species is just under 2000 ha with some potential future habitat increase in population being created by regenerating rainforest previously logged. Its specialised habitat requirements being un-logged pristine forests, the species is considered extremely vulnerable due to significant habitat reduction.^[5] Future harvesting of native timber in the Conondale region also poses risk.^[5]

Behavior

P. ocellatus is a nocturnal ground feeder. During the day, it sleeps on a tree branch with its beak pointing upward, taking on the appearance of a tree branch. To cope with the heat and humidity of its tropical home, P. ocellatus has heart and respiration rates lower than is typical for birds of its size. During periods of hyperthermia, it will enact panting as a cooling mechanism, with more efficient cooling effect than is seen in other bird species performing the same action.^[7]

References

^ BirdLife International (2016). "Podargus ocellatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22736125A95125102. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22736125A95125102.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
^ "Marbled Frogmouth (Podargus ocellatus) » Planet of Birds". Archived from the original on 14 July 2014. Retrieved 16 May 2013.
^ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 June 2012. Retrieved 16 May 2013.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
^ Cleere et al. 2007. A new genus of frogmouth (Podargidae) from the Solomon Islands – results from a taxonomic review of Podargus ocellatus inexpectatus Hartert 1901. Ibis 149:271-286
^ ^a ^b ^c Smith, G.C., Hamley, B.J., Lees, N., 1998. An Estimate of the Plumed Frogmouth Podargus ocellatus plumiferus Population Size in the Conondale Ranges [WWW Document]. URL http://search.informit.com.au/documentSummary;dn=668756953042077;res=IELNZC Archived 16 November 2017 at the Wayback Machine (accessed 4.16.14).
^ Smith, G.C., Hamley, B.J., 2009. Variation in vocal response of Plumed Frogmouth (Podargus ocellatus plumiferus) to call-playback. Emu 109, 339–343.
^ Lasiewski, Robert C.; Dawson, William R.; Bartholomew, George A. (July 1970). "Temperature Regulation in the Little Papuan Frogmouth, Podargus ocellatus". The Condor. 72 (3): 332–338. doi:10.2307/1366012. JSTOR 1366012.