Qitaihe

Qitaihe
Qitaihe
	"Qitaihe", as written in Chinese
Chinese name
Chinese	七台河
Hanyu Pinyin
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin	Qītáihé
Manchu name
Manchu script	ᡴᡳᡨᠠᡳᡥᡝ
Romanization	Citaiho
Russian name
Russian	Цитайхэ

Qitaihe

七台河市
Qitaihe 七台河市
Prefecture-level city
	View east along Xuefu Street
	Location of Qitaihe City (yellow) in Heilongjiang (light grey) and China
	Qitaihe Location of the city centre in Heilongjiang Qitaihe Location in China
	Coordinates (Qitaihe municipal government): 45°46′16″N 131°00′11″E / 45.771°N 131.003°E
Country	People's Republic of China
Province	Heilongjiang
County-level divisions	4
Municipal seat	Taoshan District
Government
• Type	Prefecture-level city
• CPC Qitaihe Secretary	Zhang Xianjun (张宪军)
Area
• Prefecture-level city	6,221 km2 (2,402 sq mi)
Elevation	209 m (686 ft)
Population (2010)
• Prefecture-level city	920,419
• Urban	620,935
GDP
• Prefecture-level city	CN¥ 21.3 billion; US$ 3.4 billion
• Per capita	CN¥ 24,829; US$ 3,986
Time zone	UTC+8 (China Standard)
Zipcode	154600
Area code	0464
ISO 3166 code	CN-HL-09
Licence plates	黑K
Climate	Dwb
Website	www.qth.gov.cn

Qitaihe (Chinese: 七台河; pinyin: Qītáihé) is a prefecture-level city in eastern Heilongjiang province, China. Covering an area 6,223 km² (2,403 sq mi), it is geographically the smallest prefecture-level division of the province. Qitaihe also has the second smallest population of the cities in Heilongjiang. At the 2010 census, its total population was 920,419, while 620,935 live in the built up area made of 3 urban districts.^[1]

Administrative divisions

Map
Xinxing Taoshan Qiezihe Boli County
Name	Hanzi	Hanyu Pinyin	Population (2010 est.)	Area (km²)	Density (/km²)
Xinxing District	新兴区	Xīnxīng Qū	236,768	2,003	118
Taoshan District	桃山区	Táoshān Qū	230,293	74	3,112
Qiezihe District	茄子河区	Qiézihé Qū	153,874	1,569	98
Boli County	勃利县	Bólì Xiàn	299,484	2,575	116

History

Qitaihe's history can be stretched back to 3,000 years ago during the Shang and Zhou Dynasties, when it was inhabited by the ancient Sushen group, the ancestors of the Manchu. In 1910, coal resources was found in Qitaihe.^[2] However, coal mining industry did not really start until The CPC Committee of Heilongjiang Province ordered Hegang Mining Bureau to take charge of the Extractive industries in Boli County in 1958. Qitaihe began its development. On Jan 26, 1961, Boli Mining Bureau was established. The CPC Central Committee and State Council approved to establish Qitaihe District (七台河特区) as a pilot of the combination of enterprise management and government administration. In 1970, Qitaihe District was changed into Qitaihe City (county-level), which is under the jurisdiction of Jiamusi. In 1983, Qitaihe was designated a Prefecture-level city, and Boli County was put into Qitaihe's jurisdiction.

Geography and climate

Mineral resources

Qitaihe is rich in fresh water and minerals including coal, gold and graphite. There are 26 reservoirs in total. The water storage capacity of the city's Taoshan Reservoir is 264 million steres. Qitaihe has a total coal reserve of 5.3 billion tons, ranking third after Shuangyashan and Jixi in Heilongjiang Province.

Climate

Qitaihe has a monsoon-influenced humid continental climate (Köppen Dwb), with long, bitter, but dry winters, and humid and very warm summers.^[3]

Climate data for Qitaihe (2003–2020 normals)
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)	−11.7 (10.9)	−6.9 (19.6)	2.1 (35.8)	12.4 (54.3)	20.2 (68.4)	25.1 (77.2)	27.2 (81.0)	26.1 (79.0)	21.3 (70.3)	12.5 (54.5)	0.0 (32.0)	−10.4 (13.3)	9.8 (49.7)
Daily mean °C (°F)	−16.6 (2.1)	−12.4 (9.7)	−3.1 (26.4)	6.5 (43.7)	14.2 (57.6)	19.5 (67.1)	22.2 (72.0)	21.0 (69.8)	15.3 (59.5)	6.5 (43.7)	−4.7 (23.5)	−14.9 (5.2)	4.5 (40.0)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)	−21.1 (−6.0)	−17.7 (0.1)	−8.3 (17.1)	0.6 (33.1)	8.3 (46.9)	14.2 (57.6)	17.8 (64.0)	16.7 (62.1)	9.9 (49.8)	1.1 (34.0)	−8.9 (16.0)	−18.9 (−2.0)	−0.5 (31.1)
Average precipitation mm (inches)	6.6 (0.26)	5.8 (0.23)	13.9 (0.55)	28.8 (1.13)	65.7 (2.59)	95.2 (3.75)	116.8 (4.60)	119.0 (4.69)	55.8 (2.20)	29.6 (1.17)	21.8 (0.86)	12.0 (0.47)	571 (22.5)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm)	6.3	5.7	8.2	8.7	12.9	14.6	14.9	14.1	9.8	7.3	7.4	8.7	118.6
Average snowy days	9.6	9.0	11.2	5.2	0.2	0	0	0	0.1	2.9	9.9	13.4	61.5
Average relative humidity (%)	69	64	59	53	60	71	78	79	72	61	65	71	67
Mean monthly sunshine hours	138.8	165.3	204.4	199.7	207.7	219.0	216.5	209.8	208.3	173.3	131.0	118.9	2,192.7
Percent possible sunshine	49	56	55	49	45	47	46	48	56	52	47	44	50
Source: China Meteorological Administration^[4]^[5]

Economy

Coal mining is an important industry. Qitaihe is the only pilot city for coal recycling in Heilongjiang. The city's GDP topped RMB 23.35 billion in 2009, featuring a growth of 26% over the previous year.^[6] Qitaihe is home to Qitaihe Coal Mining Group and Qitaihe No.1 Power Generation Company.

Transportation

The Tumen-Jiamusi Railway and the Boli-Qitaihe Railway connect the city with Mudanjiang, Jiamusi and other cities in Heilongjiang. Jiamusi Airport, Jixi Airport and Mudanjiang Airport, which offers regular flights to other domestic cities in China, are less than two hours away.