South African Class 8Y 2-8-0

Specifications
Specifications
Configuration:;
• Whyte	2-8-0 (Consolidation)
• UIC	1'Dn2
Driver	3rd coupled axle
Gauge	3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) Cape gauge
Leading dia.	28+1⁄2 in (724 mm)
Coupled dia.	48 in (1,219 mm)
Tender wheels	33+1⁄2 in (851 mm) as built; 34 in (864 mm) retyred
Wheelbase	46 ft 10+1⁄2 in (14,288 mm)
• Axle spacing; (Asymmetrical)	1-2: 4 ft 7 in (1,397 mm); 2-3: 4 ft 3 in (1,295 mm); 3-4: 5 ft 8 in (1,727 mm)
• Engine	21 ft 8 in (6,604 mm)
• Coupled	14 ft 6 in (4,420 mm)
• Tender	14 ft 7 in (4,445 mm)
• Tender bogie	4 ft 7 in (1,397 mm)
Length:;
• Over couplers	54 ft 9 in (16,688 mm)
Height	12 ft 10 in (3,912 mm)
Frame type	Bar
Axle load	12 LT 8 cwt (12,600 kg)
• Leading	6 LT 8 cwt (6,503 kg)
• Coupled	12 LT 8 cwt (12,600 kg)
Adhesive weight	49 LT 12 cwt (50,400 kg)
Loco weight	56 LT (56,900 kg)
Tender type	XE1 (2-axle bogies)
Fuel type	Coal
Fuel capacity	9 LT (9.1 t)
Water cap.	2,855 imp gal (13,000 L)
Firebox:
• Type	Round-top
• Grate area	30.9 sq ft (2.87 m2)
Boiler:;
• Pitch	7 ft 3 in (2,210 mm)
• Diameter	4 ft 10+3⁄4 in (1,492 mm)
• Tube plates	12 ft 7+3⁄8 in (3,845 mm)
• Small tubes	196: 2 in (51 mm)
Boiler pressure	180 psi (1,241 kPa)
Safety valve	Ramsbottom
Heating surface:
• Firebox	105 sq ft (9.8 m2)
• Tubes	1,311.5 sq ft (121.84 m2)
• Total surface	1,416.5 sq ft (131.60 m2)
Cylinders	Two
Cylinder size	18+1⁄2 in (470 mm) bore; 24 in (610 mm) stroke
Valve gear	Stephenson
Valve type	Slide
Couplers	Johnston link-and-pin; AAR knuckle (1930s)

Type and origin
Type and origin
Power type	Steam
Designer	Cape Government Railways; (H.M. Beatty)
Builder	Kitson and Company
Serial number	4198-4201
Model	CGR 8th Class (2-8-0)
Build date	1903
Total produced	4

CGR 8th Class 2-8-0 1903
South African Class 8Y 2-8-0
CGR 8th Class 2-8-0 1903; South African Class 8Y 2-8-0
	CGR 8th Class no. 820, SAR Class 8Y no. 899
Power type
Type and origin
Power type	Steam
Designer	Cape Government Railways; (H.M. Beatty)
Builder	Kitson and Company
Serial number	4198-4201
Model	CGR 8th Class (2-8-0)
Build date	1903
Total produced	4
Configuration:;
Specifications
Configuration:;
• Whyte	2-8-0 (Consolidation)
• UIC	1'Dn2
Driver	3rd coupled axle
Gauge	3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) Cape gauge
Leading dia.	28+1⁄2 in (724 mm)
Coupled dia.	48 in (1,219 mm)
Tender wheels	33+1⁄2 in (851 mm) as built; 34 in (864 mm) retyred
Wheelbase	46 ft 10+1⁄2 in (14,288 mm)
• Axle spacing; (Asymmetrical)	1-2: 4 ft 7 in (1,397 mm); 2-3: 4 ft 3 in (1,295 mm); 3-4: 5 ft 8 in (1,727 mm)
• Engine	21 ft 8 in (6,604 mm)
• Coupled	14 ft 6 in (4,420 mm)
• Tender	14 ft 7 in (4,445 mm)
• Tender bogie	4 ft 7 in (1,397 mm)
Length:;
• Over couplers	54 ft 9 in (16,688 mm)
Height	12 ft 10 in (3,912 mm)
Frame type	Bar
Axle load	12 LT 8 cwt (12,600 kg)
• Leading	6 LT 8 cwt (6,503 kg)
• Coupled	12 LT 8 cwt (12,600 kg)
Adhesive weight	49 LT 12 cwt (50,400 kg)
Loco weight	56 LT (56,900 kg)
Tender type	XE1 (2-axle bogies)
Fuel type	Coal
Fuel capacity	9 LT (9.1 t)
Water cap.	2,855 imp gal (13,000 L)
Firebox:
• Type	Round-top
• Grate area	30.9 sq ft (2.87 m2)
Boiler:;
• Pitch	7 ft 3 in (2,210 mm)
• Diameter	4 ft 10+3⁄4 in (1,492 mm)
• Tube plates	12 ft 7+3⁄8 in (3,845 mm)
• Small tubes	196: 2 in (51 mm)
Boiler pressure	180 psi (1,241 kPa)
Safety valve	Ramsbottom
Heating surface:
• Firebox	105 sq ft (9.8 m2)
• Tubes	1,311.5 sq ft (121.84 m2)
• Total surface	1,416.5 sq ft (131.60 m2)
Cylinders	Two
Cylinder size	18+1⁄2 in (470 mm) bore; 24 in (610 mm) stroke
Valve gear	Stephenson
Valve type	Slide
Couplers	Johnston link-and-pin; AAR knuckle (1930s)
Tractive effort
Performance figures
Tractive effort	23,110 lbf (102.8 kN) @ 75%
Operators
Career
Operators	Cape Government Railways; South African Railways
Class	CGR 8th Class (2-8-0); SAR Class 8Y
Number in class	4
Numbers	CGR 817-820, SAR 896-899
Delivered	1903
First run	1903
Withdrawn	1938
	The 2nd & 3rd coupled axles had flangeless wheels

The South African Railways Class 8Y 2-8-0 of 1903 was a steam locomotive from the pre-Union era in the Cape of Good Hope.

In 1903, the Cape Government Railways placed four more Cape 8th Class 2-8-0 Consolidation type steam locomotives in service. In 1912, when they were assimilated into the South African Railways, they were renumbered and designated Class 8Y.^[1]^[2]

Manufacturer

The first locomotive in the Cape Government Railways (CGR) 2-8-0 Consolidation type 8th Class, later to be designated the South African Railways (SAR) Class 8X, was designed by H.M. Beatty, the CGR’s Chief Locomotive Superintendent from 1896 to 1910. This second batch of four engines was ordered in 1903 from Kitson and Company of Hunslet in Leeds, West Yorkshire. All four were allocated to the CGR’s Western System and numbered in the range from 817 to 820.^[1]

They were very similar to the earlier CGR Schenectady- and ALCO-built Consolidations, but with the boiler centre line raised by 2 inches (51 millimetres). Coupled with a shallow firebox, this enabled the firegrate to be extended out sideways over the fourth set of coupled wheels, which resulted in a grate area of 30.9 square feet (2.87 square metres), compared to the 20 square feet (1.9 square metres) of the previous model. These engines also used saturated steam and cylinders with overhead slide valves, actuated by inside Stephenson valve gear.^[1]^[3]

Class 8 sub-classes

In spite of the difference in wheel arrangement, the CGR grouped its 2-8-0 Consolidation and post-7th Class 4-8-0 Mastodon locomotives together as the 8th Class.^[1]^[3]

When the Union of South Africa was established on 31 May 1910, the three Colonial government railways (CGR, Natal Government Railways and Central South African Railways) were united under a single administration to control and administer the railways, ports and harbours of the Union. Although the South African Railways and Harbours came into existence in 1910, the actual classification and renumbering of all the rolling stock of the three constituent railways were only implemented with effect from 1 January 1912.^[2]^[4]

In 1912, these four locomotives were designated Class 8Y on the South African Railways (SAR) and renumbered in the range from 896 to 899. All the CGR 8th Class 2-8-0 and 4-8-0 locomotives, together with the Classes 8-L1 to 8-L3 4-8-0 Mastodon locomotives from the Central South African Railways (CSAR), were grouped into ten different sub-classes by the SAR. The 4-8-0 locomotives became SAR Classes 8 and 8A to 8F and the 2-8-0 locomotives became Classes 8X to 8Z.^[1]^[2]^[3]^[5]

Service

In SAR service, the 2-8-0 Class 8Y was used mainly in the Northern Cape until they were withdrawn by 1938.^[3]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Holland, D.F. (1971). Steam Locomotives of the South African Railways. Vol. 1: 1859–1910 (1st ed.). Newton Abbott, England: David & Charles. pp. 64–65. ISBN 978-0-7153-5382-0.
^ ^a ^b ^c Classification of S.A.R. Engines with Renumbering Lists, issued by the Chief Mechanical Engineer’s Office, Pretoria, January 1912, pp. 9, 12, 15, 36 (Reprinted in April 1987 by SATS Museum, R.3125-6/9/11-1000)
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Paxton, Leith; Bourne, David (1985). Locomotives of the South African Railways (1st ed.). Cape Town: Struik. p. 50. ISBN 0869772112.
^ The South African Railways - Historical Survey. Editor George Hart, Publisher Bill Hart, Sponsored by Dorbyl Ltd., Published c. 1978, p. 25.
^ South African Railways and Harbours Locomotive Diagram Book, 2’0” & 3’6” Gauge Steam Locomotives, 15 August 1941, as amended