Wikipedysta:Kpjas/RNA
- Aaron Klug
- Ada Yonath
- Alexander R. Todd
- Alexander Rich
- Andrew Fire
- Audrey Stevens Niyogi
- Carol W. Greider
- Charles Yanofsky
- Craig Mello
- David Baltimore
- David Bartel
- David Baulcombe
- Dieter Soll
- Elizabeth Blackburn
- Ford Doolittle
- Francis Crick
- François Jacob
- Françoise Barré-Sinoussi
- Gary Ruvkun
- Gerald Joyce
- Gregory Hannon
- Har Gobind Khorana
- Harry F. Noller
- Howard Temin
- Ignacio Tinoco, Jr.
- Jack W. Szostak
- James D. Watson
- James E. Darnell
- Jennifer Doudna
- Joan A. Steitz
- John Abelson
- Joseph G. Gall
- Juli Feigon
- Leslie Orgel
- Luc Montagnier
- Lynne E. Maquat
- Mahlon Hoagland
- Mark Ptashne
- Marlene Belfort
- Marshall Warren Nirenberg
- Marvin H. Caruthers
- Masayasu Nomura
- Max Birnstiel
- Maxine Singer
- Norman R. Pace
- Norton Zinder
- Olke C. Uhlenbeck
- Paul Zamecnik
- Peter Moore
- Philip Allen Sharp
- Pierre Chambon
- Renato Dulbecco
- Richard J. Roberts
- Robert B. Darnell
- Robert G. Roeder
- Robert Gallo
- Robert Tjian
- Robert W. Holley
- Roger D. Kornberg
- Ronald Breaker
- Severo Ochoa
- Seymour Benzer
- Sidney Altman
- Sol Spiegelman
- Sydney Brenner
- Thomas A. Steitz
- Thomas Cech
- Venkatraman Ramakrishnan
- Victor Ambros
- Walter Gilbert
W organizmach żywych kwasy rybonukleinowe (RNA) występują w wielu różnych formach, których budowa jest bezpośrednio związana z wyspecjalizowanymi funkcjami, które wypełniają.
To zestawienie przedstawia rodzaje cząsteczek kwasu rybonukleinowego, pogrupowane według ich funkcji. Podane są używane skróty nazw, krótkie opisy funkcji i obszar występowania.
Funkcje RNA
| Typ | Skrót | Funkcja | Gdzie obecny | Przypis |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| matrycowy RNA | mRNA | kod genetyczny dla białka | wszystkie organizmy | |
| rybosomalny RNA | rRNA | translacja | wszystkie organizmy | |
| SRP RNA | 7SL RNA or SRP RNA | Membrane integration | wszystkie organizmy | [1] |
| transferowy RNA | tRNA | translacja | wszystkie organizmy | |
| tmRNA | tmRNA | Rescuing stalled ribosomes | bakterie | [2] |
| Typ | Skrót | Funkcja | Gdzie występuje | Przypis |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| mały jądrowy RNA | snRNA | Splicing i inne funkcje | eukarionty i archeony | [3] |
| małe jąderkowe RNA | snoRNA | modyfikacja cząsteczek RNA | eukarionty i archeony | [4] |
| SmY RNA | SmY | mRNA trans-splicing | Nematodes | [5] |
| Small Cajal body-specific RNA | scaRNA | rodzaj snoRNA; modyfikacja cząsteczek RNA | ||
| Guide RNA | gRNA | mRNA nucleotide modification | Kinetoplastid mitochondria | [6] |
| Ribonuclease P | RNase P | tRNA maturation | wszystkie organizmy | [7] |
| Ribonuclease MRP | RNase MRP | rRNA maturation, DNA replication | eukarionty | [8] |
| Y RNA | RNA processing, DNA replication | zwierzęta | [9] | |
| RNA telomerazy | TERC | Telomere synthesis | większość eukariotów | [10] |
| Spliced Leader RNA | SL RNA | mRNA trans-splicing, RNA processing |
| Typ | Skrót | Funkcja | Gdzie występuje | Przypis |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Antisense RNA | aRNA, asRNA | Transcriptional attenuation / mRNA degradation / mRNA stabilisation / Translation block | wszystkie organizmy | [11][12] |
| Cis-natural antisense transcript | cis-NAT | Gene regulation | ||
| CRISPR RNA | crRNA | mechanizm odporności przeciwpasożytniczej, przez działanie na ich DNA | bakterie i archeony | [13] |
| Long noncoding RNA | lncRNA | Regulation of gene transcription, epigenetic regulation | eukarionty | |
| microRNA | miRNA | Gene regulation | większość eukariontów | [14] |
| Piwi-interacting RNA | piRNA | Transposon defense, być może inne funkcje | większość zwierząt | [15][16] |
| krótki interferujący RNA | siRNA | Gene regulation | większość eukariotów | [17] |
| Short hairpin RNA | shRNA | Gene regulation | większość eukariontów | [18] |
| Trans-acting siRNA | tasiRNA | Gene regulation | rośliny lądowe | [19] |
| Repeat associated siRNA | rasiRNA | rodzaj piRNA; transposon defense | Drosophila | |
| 7SK RNA | 7SK | negatively regulating CDK9/cyclin T complex | ||
| Enhancer RNA | eRNA | Gene regulation | [21] |
| Type | Function | Distribution | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|
| Retrotransposon | Self-propagating | eukarionty i some bacteria | [22] |
| Viral genome | Information carrier | Double-stranded RNA viruses, positive-sense RNA viruses, negative-sense RNA viruses, many satellite viruses and reverse transcribing viruses | |
| Viroid | Self-propagating | Infected plants | [23] |
| Satellite RNA | Self-propagating | Infected cells |
| Type | Abbr. | Function | Distribution | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vault RNA | vRNA, vtRNA | Expulsion of xenobiotics (conjectured) | [24] |
Skrótowce związane z RNA
| Skrót | Nazwa | Rodzina | Opis | Przypis |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ncRNA | niekodujący RNA | - | ||
| nmRNA | non messenger RNA | - | synonim ncRNA | |
| sRNA | small RNA | - | synonim ncRNA | |
| smnRNA | small non messenger RNA | - | synonim ncRNA | |
| tRNA | transferowy RNA, od ang. transfer RNA | RF00005 | ||
| sRNA | od ang. soluble RNA | - | synonim tRNA | |
| mRNA | matrycowy RNA, ang. messenger RNA | - | ||
| pcRNA | kodujący RNA, of ang. protein coding RNA | - | synonim mRNA | |
| rRNA | rybosomalny RNA | wiele rodzin | ||
| 5S rRNA | 5S ribosomal RNA | RF00001 | ||
| 5.8S rRNA | 5.8S ribosomal RNA | RF00002 | ||
| SSU rRNA | small subunit ribosomal RNA | CL00111 | ||
| LSU rRNA | large subunit ribosomal RNA | CL00112 | ||
| NoRC RNA | nucleolar remodeling complex associated RNA | RF01518 | ||
| pRNA | promoter RNA | RF01518 | synonim NoRC RNA | |
| 6S RNA | 6S RNA | RF00013 | ||
| SsrS RNA | RF00013 | synonim 6S RNA | ||
| aRNA | antysensowy RNA | - | synonim asRNA | |
| asRNA | antysensowy RNA | - | ||
| asmiRNA | antisense micro RNA | - | ||
| cis-NAT | cis-natural antisense transcript | - | Natural antisense transcripts transcribed from the same genomic locus as their target but from the opposite DNA strand and form perfect pairs | |
| crRNA | CRISPR RNA | - | ||
| tracrRNA | trans-activating crRNA | - | ||
| CRISPR RNA | CRISPR-Cas RNA | wiele rodzin | ||
| DD RNA | DNA damage response RNA | - | RNA that activates DNA damage response | |
| diRNA | DSB-induced small RNAs | - | ||
| dsRNA | dwuniciowy RNA | - | ||
| endo-siRNA | endogenous small interfering RNA | - | ||
| exRNA | extracellular RNA | - | ||
| gRNA | korygujący RNA, ang. guide RNA | - | ||
| hc-siRNA | heterochromatic small interfering RNA | - | ||
| hcsiRNA | heterochromatic small interfering RNA | - | synonim hc-siRNA | |
| hnRNA | heterogenny jądrowy RNA | - | synonim dla pre-mRNA (dokładniej mówiąc, może zawierać jądrowe transkrypty RNA, które nie zostaną później cytoplazmatycznym mRNA) | |
| RNAi | interferencja RNA, od amg. RNA interference | - | Process in which RNA inhibit gene expression or translation, by neutralizing targeted mRNA molecules | |
| lincRNA | long intergenic non-coding RNA | - | ||
| lncRNA | long non coding RNA | - | ||
| miRNA | mikroRNA | wiele rodzin | ||
| mrpRNA | mitochondrial RNA processing ribonuclease | - | synonim RNase MRP | |
| nat-siRNA | natural antisense short interfering RNA | - | synonim natsiRNA | |
| natsiRNA | natural antisense short interfering RNA | - | Endogenous RNA regulators, between 21 and 24 nt in length, and are generated from complementary mRNA transcripts which are further processed into siRNA | |
| OxyS RNA | oxidative stress response RNA | RF00035 | Small non coding RNA which is induced in response to oxidative stress in Escherichia coli | |
| piRNA | piwi-interacting RNA | wiele rodzin | Małe RNA, które tworzą kompleksy RNA-białko z białkami piwi w komórkach zwierzęcych | |
| qiRNA | QDE-2 interfering RNA | - | ||
| rasiRNA | Repeat associated siRNA | - | Small RNA that is involved in the RNA interference pathway, a type of piRNA | |
| RNase MRP | mitochondrial RNA processing ribonuclease | RF00030 | ||
| RNase P | ribonuclease P | RF00010 | A type of ribonuclease which cleaves RNA | |
| scaRNA | small Cajal body-specific RNA | RF00553 | ||
| scnRNA | small-scan RNA | - | ||
| scRNA | small cytoplasmic RNA | - | ||
| scRNA | small conditional RNA | - | ||
| SgrS RNA | sugar transport-related sRNA | RF00534 | Small RNA that is activated by SgrR in Escherichia coli during glucose-phosphate stress | |
| shRNA | short hairpin RNA | - | ||
| siRNA | small interfering RNA | - | ||
| SL RNA | spliced leader RNA | wiele rodzin | ||
| SmY RNA | mRNA trans-splicing | RF01844 | Small nuclear RNAs found in some species of nematode worms, thought to be involved in mRNA trans-splicing | |
| snoRNA | małe jąderkowe RNA, od ang. small nucleolar RNA | wiele rodzin | ||
| snRNA | małe jądrowe RNA, od ang. small nuclear RNA | wiele rodzin | ||
| snRNP | small nuclear ribonucleic proteins | - | ||
| SRP RNA | signal recognition particle RNA | CL00003 | ||
| ssRNA | RNA jednoniciowy, od ang. single stranded RNA | - | ||
| stRNA | small temporal RNA | - | ||
| tasiRNA | trans-acting siRNA | - | ||
| tmRNA | transfer-messenger RNA | RF00023 | Bakteryjna cząsteczka RNA z podwójnymi własnościami: tRNA- i mRNA-podobnymi | |
| uRNA | U spliceosomal RNA | wiele rodzin | ||
| vRNA | vault RNA | - | synonim vtRNA | |
| vtRNA | vault RNA | RF00006 | ||
| Xist RNA | X-inactive specific transcript | |||
| Y RNA | Y RNA | RF00019 | Components of the Ro60 ribonucleoprotein particle and necessary for DNA replication through interactions with chromatin and initiation proteins | |
| NATs | natural antisense transcripts | - | Natural antisense transcripts encoded within a cell that have transcript complementarity to other RNA transcripts | |
| pre-mRNA | precursor messenger RNA | - | niedojrzały, jednoniciowy matrycowy RNA | |
| circRNA | circular RNA | - | ||
| msRNA | multicopy, single-stranded RNA | Component of retrons |
Przypisy
- ↑ Simonetta Gribaldo, Celine Brochier-Armanet, The origin and evolution of Archaea: a state of the art, „Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences”, 361 (1470), 2006, s. 1007–1022, DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2006.1841, ISSN 0962-8436, PMID: 16754611, PMCID: PMC1578729 [dostęp 2019-03-20] (ang.).
- ↑ Reynald Gillet, Brice Felden, Emerging views on tmRNA-mediated protein tagging and ribosome rescue, „Molecular Microbiology”, 42 (4), 2001, s. 879–885, DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2958.2001.02701.x, ISSN 0950-382X [dostęp 2019-03-20] (ang.).
- ↑ Stéphane Thore, Claudine Mayer, Claude Sauter, Stephen Weeks, Dietrich Suck, Crystal Structures of the Pyrococcus abyssi Sm Core and Its Complex with RNA: COMMON FEATURES OF RNA BINDING IN ARCHAEA AND EUKARYA, „Journal of Biological Chemistry”, 278 (2), 2003, s. 1239–1247, DOI: 10.1074/jbc.M207685200, ISSN 0021-9258 [dostęp 2019-03-20] (ang.).
- ↑ T. Kiss, NEW EMBO MEMBER'S REVIEW: Small nucleolar RNA-guided post-transcriptional modification of cellular RNAs, „The EMBO Journal”, 20 (14), 2001, s. 3617–3622, DOI: 10.1093/emboj/20.14.3617, PMID: 11447102, PMCID: PMC125535 [dostęp 2019-03-20].
- ↑ Thomas A. Jones, Wolfgang Otto, Manja Marz, Sean R. Eddy, Peter F. Stadler, A survey of nematode SmY RNAs, „RNA Biology”, 6 (1), 2009, s. 5–8, DOI: 10.4161/rna.6.1.7634, ISSN 1547-6286 [dostęp 2019-03-20] (ang.).
- ↑ J. Alfonzo, The mechanism of U insertion/deletion RNA editing in kinetoplastid mitochondria, „Nucleic Acids Research”, 25 (19), 1997, s. 3751–3759, DOI: 10.1093/nar/25.19.3751 [dostęp 2019-03-20].
- ↑ J.A. Pannucci, E.S. Haas, T.A. Hall, J.K. Harris, J.W. Brown, RNase P RNAs from some Archaea are catalytically active, „Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America”, 96 (14), 1999, s. 7803–7808, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.96.14.7803, ISSN 0027-8424 [dostęp 2019-03-20] (ang.).
- ↑ Michael D Woodhams, Peter F Stadler, David Penny, Lesley J Collins, RNase MRP and the RNA processing cascade in the eukaryotic ancestor, „BMC Evolutionary Biology”, 7 (Suppl 1), 2007, S13, DOI: 10.1186/1471-2148-7-S1-S13, PMID: 17288571, PMCID: PMC1796607 [dostęp 2019-03-20].
- ↑ Jonathan Perreault, Jean-Pierre Perreault, Gilles Boire, Ro-Associated Y RNAs in Metazoans: Evolution and Diversification, „Molecular Biology and Evolution”, 24 (8), 2007, s. 1678–1689, DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msm084, ISSN 1537-1719 [dostęp 2019-03-20] (ang.).
- ↑ A.J. Lustig, Crisis intervention: The role of telomerase, „Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America”, 96 (7), 1999, s. 3339–3341, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.96.7.3339, ISSN 0027-8424 [dostęp 2019-03-20] (ang.).
- ↑ Sabine Brantl, Antisense-RNA regulation and RNA interference, „Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Gene Structure and Expression”, 1575 (1-3), 2002, s. 15–25, DOI: 10.1016/S0167-4781(02)00280-4 [dostęp 2019-03-20] (ang.).
- ↑ Sabine Brantl, Regulatory mechanisms employed by cis-encoded antisense RNAs, „Current Opinion in Microbiology”, 10 (2), 2007, s. 102–109, DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2007.03.012 [dostęp 2019-03-20] (ang.).
- ↑ S.J.J. Brouns, M.M. Jore, M. Lundgren, E.R. Westra, R.J.H. Slijkhuis, Small CRISPR RNAs Guide Antiviral Defense in Prokaryotes, „Science”, 321 (5891), 2008, s. 960–964, DOI: 10.1126/science.1159689, ISSN 0036-8075, PMID: 18703739, PMCID: PMC5898235 [dostęp 2019-03-20] (ang.).
- ↑ Shi-Lung Lin, Joseph D. Miller, Shao-Yao Ying, Intronic MicroRNA (miRNA), „Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology”, 2006, 2006, s. 1–13, DOI: 10.1155/JBB/2006/26818, ISSN 1110-7243, PMID: 17057362, PMCID: PMC1559912 [dostęp 2019-03-20] (ang.).
- ↑ Michael D. Horwich, Chengjian Li, Christian Matranga, Vasily Vagin, Gwen Farley, The Drosophila RNA Methyltransferase, DmHen1, Modifies Germline piRNAs and Single-Stranded siRNAs in RISC, „Current Biology”, 17 (14), 2007, s. 1265–1272, DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2007.06.030 [dostęp 2019-03-20] (ang.).
- ↑ Megha Ghildiyal, Phillip D. Zamore, Small silencing RNAs: an expanding universe, „Nature Reviews Genetics”, 10 (2), 2009, s. 94–108, DOI: 10.1038/nrg2504, ISSN 1471-0056, PMID: 19148191, PMCID: PMC2724769 [dostęp 2019-03-20] (ang.).
- ↑ Kami Ahmad, Steven Henikoff, Epigenetic Consequences of Nucleosome Dynamics, „Cell”, 111 (3), 2002, s. 281–284, DOI: 10.1016/S0092-8674(02)01081-4 [dostęp 2019-03-20] (ang.).
- ↑ Kami Ahmad, Steven Henikoff, Epigenetic Consequences of Nucleosome Dynamics, „Cell”, 111 (3), 2002, s. 281–284, DOI: 10.1016/S0092-8674(02)01081-4 [dostęp 2019-03-20] (ang.).
- ↑ Franck Vazquez, Hervé Vaucheret, Ramya Rajagopalan, Christelle Lepers, Virginie Gasciolli, Endogenous trans-Acting siRNAs Regulate the Accumulation of Arabidopsis mRNAs, „Molecular Cell”, 16 (1), 2004, s. 69–79, DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2004.09.028 [dostęp 2019-03-20] (ang.).
- ↑ Sophie Desset, Nicolas Buchon, Carine Meignin, Michael Coiffet, Chantal Vaury, In Drosophila melanogaster the COM Locus Directs the Somatic Silencing of Two Retrotransposons through both Piwi-Dependent and -Independent Pathways, Jean-Nicolas Volff (red.), „PLoS ONE”, 3 (2), 2008, e1526, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0001526, ISSN 1932-6203, PMID: 18253480, PMCID: PMC2211404 [dostęp 2019-03-20] (ang.).
- ↑ W. Li, D. Notani, MG. Rosenfeld. Enhancers as non-coding RNA transcription units: recent insights and future perspectives.. „Nat Rev Genet”. 17 (4), s. 207-23, Apr 2016. DOI: 10.1038/nrg.2016.4. PMID: 26948815.
- ↑ J.D. Boeke, The Unusual Phylogenetic Distribution of Retrotransposons: A Hypothesis, „Genome Research”, 13 (9), 2003, s. 1975–1983, DOI: 10.1101/gr.1392003, ISSN 1088-9051, PMID: 12952870 [dostęp 2019-03-20] (ang.).
- ↑ Ricardo Flores, Carmen Hernández, A. Emilio Martínez de Alba, José-Antonio Daròs, Francesco Di Serio, Viroids and Viroid-Host Interactions, „Annual Review of Phytopathology”, 43 (1), 2005, s. 117–139, DOI: 10.1146/annurev.phyto.43.040204.140243, ISSN 0066-4286 [dostęp 2019-03-20] (ang.).
- ↑ S.C.B. Gopinath, A. Matsugami, M. Katahira, P.K.R. Kumar, Human vault-associated non-coding RNAs bind to mitoxantrone, a chemotherapeutic compound, „Nucleic Acids Research”, 33 (15), 2005, s. 4874–4881, DOI: 10.1093/nar/gki809, ISSN 0305-1048, PMID: 16150923, PMCID: PMC1201340 [dostęp 2019-03-20] (ang.).
- ↑ Dawn M. Simon, Steven Zimmerly. A diversity of uncharacterized reverse transcriptases in bacteria. „Nucleic Acids Research”. 36 (22), s. 7219–7229, 2008-11-12. DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkn867. ISSN 1362-4962. PMID: 19004871. (ang.).
Zobacz też
External links
- Rfam database — a collection of RNA families
- European ribosomal RNA database
Content Disclaimer
Informasi ini disarikan dari Wikipedia dan disajikan kembali untuk tujuan edukasi. Konten tersedia di bawah lisensi CC BY-SA 3.0. Kami tidak bertanggung jawab atas ketidakakuratan data yang bersumber dari kontribusi publik tersebut.
- The information displayed on this website is sourced in part or in whole from Wikipedia and has been adapted for the purpose of restating it. We strive to provide accurate and relevant information, however:
- There is no guarantee of absolute accuracy. Wikipedia is an open, collaborative project that can be edited by anyone, so information is subject to change.
- It is not intended to constitute professional advice. The content displayed is for informational and educational purposes only. For important decisions (e.g., medical, legal, or financial), please consult a professional.
- Content copyright. Wikipedia is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License (CC BY-SA). This means that content may be reused with appropriate attribution and shared under a similar license.
- Responsible use. Any risk arising from the use of information from this website is entirely the responsibility of the user.