張澍 (清朝)

張澍(1776年—1847年),字百瀹,號介侯,中國清朝经学家、史学家、金石学家,涼州府武威縣(今甘肅武威)人。

生平

嘉慶四年(1799年)進士,選翰林院庶吉士,散館改知縣。[1]初任玉屏縣知縣,因病告歸。再選屏山縣知縣,攝興文縣事,因父喪丁憂去職。服闕再起,知永新縣,署臨江府通判,因事罷官。開復,補瀘溪縣,又因丁憂離任。《清史稿·文苑》有傳。[2]

成就

好金玉,张之洞說他“才气无双,一时惊为异人”[3]。於嘉慶甲子年(1804年)在家鄉武威養病。一遊甘肅武威清應寺,發現一塊刻滿西夏文的石碑,即重修感應塔碑,张澍说:“此碑自余发之,乃始见于天壤,金石家又增一种奇书矣。”著有《五涼舊聞》、《三古人苑》、《續黔書》、《秦音》、《蜀典》、《诸葛忠武侯文集》。其《姓氏尋源》中「懷山之水,必有其源;參天之木,必有其根;人之有祖,亦猶是焉」一句,最為膾炙人口。

注釋

  1. ^ 朱汝珍《詞林輯略》
  2. ^ 《清史稿·列傳二百七十三·文苑三》:張澍,字介侯,武威人。父應舉,有孝行。嘉慶四年,澍年十八,成進士。是科得人最盛,澍選庶吉士,文詞博麗。散館改知縣,初令玉屏,以病歸。敘防河勞,選屏山,攝興文,丁父艱。再起,知永新。署臨江通判,坐徵解緩,罷官。開復,補瀘溪,復以憂去。
    澍性亢直,所至輒有聲。在黔時,巡撫初彭齡過縣,澍杖其仆之索金者。座主蔣攸銛督四川,甫下車,舉劾屬吏,風采嚴峻。澍上書論其循情市恩,黜陟不當,以此官不遂。務博覽經史,皆有纂著。游跡半天下,詩文益富。留心關、隴文獻,蒐輯刊刻之。纂五涼舊聞、三古人苑、續黔書、秦音、蜀典,而姓氏五書尤為絕學。自著詩文外,又有詩小序翼、說文引經考證。
  3. ^ 书目答问》附录《国朝著述诸家姓名略》

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